वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-20, verse-7

त्रिषु लोकेषु विख्यातो धर्मात्मा इति राघवः ।
स्वधर्मं प्रतिपद्यस्व नाधर्मं वोढुमर्हसि ॥७॥

7. triṣu lokeṣu vikhyāto dharmātmā iti rāghavaḥ ,
svadharmaṃ pratipadyasva nādharmaṃ voḍhumarhasi.

7. triṣu lokeṣu vikhyātaḥ dharmātmā iti rāghavaḥ
svadharmaṃ pratipadyasva na adharmaṃ voḍhum arhasi

7. rāghava triṣu lokeṣu dharmātmā iti vikhyātaḥ
svadharmaṃ pratipadyasva adharmaṃ voḍhum na arhasi

7. O Rāghava, you are renowned in the three worlds as a soul whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness. Therefore, uphold your own natural law (dharma); you ought not to bear unrighteousness (adharma).

Words meanings summery:

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in the three

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among the people

• विख्यातः (vikhyātaḥ) - famous, renowned, well-known

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul, one whose nature is righteousness, virtuous soul

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so, indicating quoted speech or thought

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - O Rāghava, descendant of Raghu (Rama)

• स्वधर्मं (svadharmaṁ) - one's own natural law, one's own duty

• प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - you must undertake, embrace, fulfill, follow

• न (na) - not, no

• अधर्मं (adharmaṁ) - unrighteousness, injustice, what is against natural law

• वोढुम् (voḍhum) - to bear, to carry, to endure

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in the three

(numeral)

Note: Declined as a plural adjective, meaning 'in the three'.

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among the people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, space

विख्यातः (vikhyātaḥ) - famous, renowned, well-known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikhyāta

vikhyāta - famous, well-known, celebrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root khyā with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with Rāghavaḥ.

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul, one whose nature is righteousness, virtuous soul

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - a righteous soul, virtuous person, one whose nature is dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound of dharma and ātman.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so, indicating quoted speech or thought

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to mark the end of a quote or a characterization.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - O Rāghava, descendant of Raghu (Rama)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, name of Rama

Derived from Raghu with an affix indicating descent.

स्वधर्मं (svadharmaṁ) - one's own natural law, one's own duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, own proper conduct

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Compound of sva and dharma.

प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - you must undertake, embrace, fulfill, follow

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of pratipad

Middle voice, second person singular, imperative mood.

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अधर्मं (adharmaṁ) - unrighteousness, injustice, what is against natural law

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, unconstitutionality, injustice, wrong, anything contrary to natural law

Negative prefix 'a' + dharma.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Compound of 'a' (negative particle) and dharma.

वोढुम् (voḍhum) - to bear, to carry, to endure

(infinitive)

Note: Infinitive form 'voḍhum' from root vah.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Present tense, active voice, second person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

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