मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-42, verse-4
अकारश्च तथोकारो मकारश्चाक्षरत्रयम् ।
एता एव त्रयो मात्राः सात्त्वराजसतामसाः ॥४॥
एता एव त्रयो मात्राः सात्त्वराजसतामसाः ॥४॥
4. akāraśca tathokāro makāraścākṣaratrayam .
etā eva trayo mātrāḥ sāttvarājasatāmasāḥ.
etā eva trayo mātrāḥ sāttvarājasatāmasāḥ.
4.
akāraḥ ca tathā ukāraḥ makāraḥ ca akṣaratrayam
etāḥ eva trayaḥ mātrāḥ sāttvarājasatāmasāḥ
etāḥ eva trayaḥ mātrāḥ sāttvarājasatāmasāḥ
4.
The sound 'A', and similarly the sound 'U', and the sound 'M' — these three letters (akṣara) are indeed the three constituent parts (mātrā), representing the Sāttvic, Rājasic, and Tāmasic qualities.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अकारः (akāraḥ) - the letter/sound 'A'
- च (ca) - and
- तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly
- उकारः (ukāraḥ) - the letter/sound 'U'
- मकारः (makāraḥ) - the letter/sound 'M'
- च (ca) - and
- अक्षरत्रयम् (akṣaratrayam) - the group of three syllables/letters
- एताः (etāḥ) - these
- एव (eva) - indeed, only
- त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three
- मात्राः (mātrāḥ) - constituent parts, measures, sounds
- सात्त्वराजसतामसाः (sāttvarājasatāmasāḥ) - Sāttvic, Rājasic, and Tāmasic (qualities)
Words meanings and morphology
अकारः (akāraḥ) - the letter/sound 'A'
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of akāra
akāra - the letter 'A', the sound 'A'
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly
(indeclinable)
उकारः (ukāraḥ) - the letter/sound 'U'
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ukāra
ukāra - the letter 'U', the sound 'U'
मकारः (makāraḥ) - the letter/sound 'M'
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of makāra
makāra - the letter 'M', the sound 'M'
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अक्षरत्रयम् (akṣaratrayam) - the group of three syllables/letters
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣaratraya
akṣaratraya - a group of three letters/syllables
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (akṣara+traya)
- akṣara – syllable, letter, imperishable
noun (neuter) - traya – triad, group of three
noun (neuter)
एताः (etāḥ) - these
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
एव (eva) - indeed, only
(indeclinable)
त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three
(numeral)
Note: Masculine form used here with a feminine noun 'mātrāḥ', possibly for archaic usage or emphasis.
मात्राः (mātrāḥ) - constituent parts, measures, sounds
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of mātrā
mātrā - measure, quantity, constituent part, element (of a sound or syllable)
सात्त्वराजसतामसाः (sāttvarājasatāmasāḥ) - Sāttvic, Rājasic, and Tāmasic (qualities)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of sāttvarājasatāmasa
sāttvarājasatāmasa - relating to the three (guṇas): sattva, rajas, tamas
Compound type : dvandva (sāttva+rājasa+tāmasa)
- sāttva – relating to sattva, pure, good
adjective - rājasa – relating to rajas, passionate, active
adjective - tāmasa – relating to tamas, dark, ignorant, dull
adjective