महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-4, verse-2

समुद्र इव सिन्धूनां ज्योतिषामिव भास्करः ।
सत्यस्य च यथा सन्तो बीजानामिव चोर्वरा ॥२॥

2. samudra iva sindhūnāṁ jyotiṣāmiva bhāskaraḥ ,
satyasya ca yathā santo bījānāmiva corvarā.

2. samudraḥ iva sindhūnām jyotiṣām iva bhāskaraḥ
satyasya ca yathā santaḥ bījānām iva ca urvarā

2. sindhūnām iva samudraḥ jyotiṣām iva bhāskaraḥ
satyasya ca yathā santaḥ bījānām iva ca urvarā

2. Like the ocean to rivers, like the sun to the luminaries, and just as virtuous people (santaḥ) are to truth (satya), so too is fertile soil to seeds.

Words meanings summery:

• समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सिन्धूनाम् (sindhūnām) - referring to rivers in general (of rivers, of oceans, of the Indus)

• ज्योतिषाम् (jyotiṣām) - referring to celestial bodies (stars, planets) that shine (of lights, of luminaries (stars, planets), of splendors)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - The primary source of light for other luminaries. (sun, creator of light)

• सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of truth, of reality

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - Introduces a comparison (as, just as, according to)

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - Righteous, wise individuals who uphold truth. (good people, virtuous ones, existing ones)

• बीजानाम् (bījānām) - of seeds

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• च (ca) - and, also

• उर्वरा (urvarā) - fertile soil, productive land

Words meanings and morphology

समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea, collection of waters

From 'sam-' (together) + 'ud' (water, to flow).

Prefix: sam

Root: ud

Note: Part of a simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

सिन्धूनाम् (sindhūnām) - referring to rivers in general (of rivers, of oceans, of the Indus)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sindhu

sindhu - river, stream, ocean, the Indus river

Note: Object of comparison with 'samudraḥ'.

ज्योतिषाम् (jyotiṣām) - referring to celestial bodies (stars, planets) that shine (of lights, of luminaries (stars, planets), of splendors)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of jyotis

jyotis - light, radiance, star, luminary, splendor

From root 'dyut' (to shine).

Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison with 'bhāskaraḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - The primary source of light for other luminaries. (sun, creator of light)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun (literally 'light-maker' or 'causing light')

Compound 'bhās' (light) + 'kara' (maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)
• kara – maker, doer, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of a simile.

सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of truth, of reality

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real

From 'sat' (being, true) + 'ya' suffix.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Object of comparison with 'santaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

यथा (yathā) - Introduces a comparison (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner, particle of comparison.

सन्तः (santaḥ) - Righteous, wise individuals who uphold truth. (good people, virtuous ones, existing ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sant

sant - good, virtuous, existing, being

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be) with 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Implied predicate for 'satyasya'.

बीजानाम् (bījānām) - of seeds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bīja

bīja - seed, germ, origin, element

Note: Object of comparison with 'urvarā'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

उर्वरा (urvarā) - fertile soil, productive land

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of urvarā

urvarā - fertile soil, productive land, cultivated field

From root 'vṛ' (to choose, cover) or related to 'uru' (broad).

Note: Part of a simile.