महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-161, verse-10

एवं विभज्य योधांस्तान्पृथक्च सह चैव ह ।
ज्वालावर्णो महेष्वासो द्रोणमंशमकल्पयत् ॥१०॥

10. evaṁ vibhajya yodhāṁstānpṛthakca saha caiva ha ,
jvālāvarṇo maheṣvāso droṇamaṁśamakalpayat.

10. evaṃ vibhajya yodhān tān pṛthak ca saha ca eva
ha jvālāvarṇaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ droṇam aṃśam akalpayat

10. evaṃ pṛthak ca saha ca eva ha tān yodhān vibhajya
jvālāvarṇaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ droṇam aṃśam akalpayat

10. Having thus divided those warriors, both individually and collectively, the flame-hued great archer (Droṇa) assigned himself a specific share (of the battle).

Words meanings summery:

• एवं (evaṁ) - in this manner, after making these assignments. (thus, in this manner, so)

• विभज्य (vibhajya) - having divided (the warriors into groups). (having divided, having distributed)

• योधान् (yodhān) - those warriors. (warriors, fighters)

• तान् (tān) - those (warriors previously mentioned). (those)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - individually (each warrior or small group). (separately, individually)

• च (ca) - and

• सह (saha) - collectively (in larger groups). (together, along with)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, intensifying the 'both/and' structure. (indeed, only, very)

• ह (ha) - indeed, emphasizing the action. (indeed, surely (emphatic))

• ज्वालावर्णः (jvālāvarṇaḥ) - an epithet for Droṇa. (flame-colored, radiant like flame)

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - an epithet for Droṇa. (great archer, one with a great bow)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa, (as the one to whom a share/task is assigned, or who assigns himself a share). In this context, it is best interpreted as Droṇa assigning a share *to himself*. (Droṇa)

• अंशम् (aṁśam) - a specific part or task (of the battle). (share, portion, part, division)

• अकल्पयत् (akalpayat) - he assigned (a portion to himself). (he assigned, arranged, ordained, prepared)

Words meanings and morphology

एवं (evaṁ) - in this manner, after making these assignments. (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

विभज्य (vibhajya) - having divided (the warriors into groups). (having divided, having distributed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from vi + bhaj + lyap

Prefix: vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

योधान् (yodhān) - those warriors. (warriors, fighters)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

from root yudh (to fight) + ghañ

Root: yudh (class 4)

तान् (tān) - those (warriors previously mentioned). (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

पृथक् (pṛthak) - individually (each warrior or small group). (separately, individually)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सह (saha) - collectively (in larger groups). (together, along with)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, intensifying the 'both/and' structure. (indeed, only, very)

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed, emphasizing the action. (indeed, surely (emphatic))

(indeclinable)

ज्वालावर्णः (jvālāvarṇaḥ) - an epithet for Droṇa. (flame-colored, radiant like flame)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jvālāvarṇa

jvālāvarṇa - flame-colored, radiant like flame

Compound type : tatpurusha (jvālā+varṇa)

• jvālā – flame, blaze, glow
  noun (feminine)
• varṇa – color, hue, complexion
  noun (masculine)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - an epithet for Droṇa. (great archer, one with a great bow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow, archery; archer
  noun (masculine)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa, (as the one to whom a share/task is assigned, or who assigns himself a share). In this context, it is best interpreted as Droṇa assigning a share *to himself*. (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of the preceptor of Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas); a wooden vessel, a measure of grain

Note: Often interpreted as referring to Droṇa assigning a portion *to himself* (implied ātman).

अंशम् (aṁśam) - a specific part or task (of the battle). (share, portion, part, division)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aṃśa

aṁśa - share, portion, part, division, lot, destiny

Root: aṃś (class 1)

अकल्पयत् (akalpayat) - he assigned (a portion to himself). (he assigned, arranged, ordained, prepared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kalpay

causative from root kḷp

from root kḷp (to be able/fit) + ṇic + laṅ

Root: kḷp (class 1)