महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-7, verse-3

तं प्रेक्ष्य राजा वरयन्नुपागतं ततोऽब्रवीज्जानपदान्समागतान् ।
सिंहोन्नतांसोऽयमतीव रूपवान्प्रदृश्यते को नु नरर्षभो युवा ॥३॥

3. taṁ prekṣya rājā varayannupāgataṁ; tato'bravījjānapadānsamāgatān ,
siṁhonnatāṁso'yamatīva rūpavā;npradṛśyate ko nu nararṣabho yuvā.

3. tam prekṣya rājā varayan upāgatam
tataḥ abravīt jānapadān samāgatān
siṃhonnataṃsaḥ ayam atīva rūpavān
pradṛśyate kaḥ nu naraṛṣabhaḥ yuvā

3. Seeing him approaching, the king then spoke to the assembled citizens, saying, "This young man, whose shoulders are lofty like a lion's, appears exceedingly handsome. Who, indeed, is this best among men?"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - referring to Bhīma (him, that)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having perceived

• राजा (rājā) - King Virāṭa (king, ruler)

• वरयन् (varayan) - approaching (to choose/examine him for a role) (choosing, selecting, wooing)

• उपागतम् (upāgatam) - him who had arrived (approached, arrived)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• जानपदान् (jānapadān) - citizens, inhabitants of the country

• समागतान् (samāgatān) - assembled, gathered, approached

• सिंहोन्नतंसः (siṁhonnataṁsaḥ) - one whose shoulders are raised like a lion's, lion-shouldered

• अयम् (ayam) - referring to Bhīma (this, he)

• अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

• रूपवान् (rūpavān) - handsome, beautiful, possessed of form

• प्रदृश्यते (pradṛśyate) - appears, is seen

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• नु (nu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (now, then, indeed, surely)

• नरऋषभः (naraṛṣabhaḥ) - best among men, chief of men

• युवा (yuvā) - young man, youthful

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - referring to Bhīma (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'prekṣya' and 'upāgatam'.

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga pra, suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - King Virāṭa (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: King Virāṭa.

वरयन् (varayan) - approaching (to choose/examine him for a role) (choosing, selecting, wooing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varayat

varayat - choosing, selecting, wishing for

present active participle (causative)

From causative of root vṛ (to choose, select), present active participle

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'rājā'.

उपागतम् (upāgatam) - him who had arrived (approached, arrived)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - approached, arrived, come near

past passive participle

From root gam (to go) with upasargas upa + ā

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect active

Root brū, imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

जानपदान् (jānapadān) - citizens, inhabitants of the country

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jānapada

jānapada - citizen, inhabitant of a country/district

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

समागतान् (samāgatān) - assembled, gathered, approached

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - assembled, gathered, arrived together

past passive participle

From root gam (to go) with upasargas sam + ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'jānapadān'.

सिंहोन्नतंसः (siṁhonnataṁsaḥ) - one whose shoulders are raised like a lion's, lion-shouldered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃhonnataṃsa

siṁhonnataṁsa - lion-shouldered, having shoulders raised like a lion's

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (siṃha+unnata+aṃsa)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• unnata – raised, lofty, high
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root nam (to bend) with upasarga ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: nam (class 1)
• aṃsa – shoulder, part
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'ayam'.

अयम् (ayam) - referring to Bhīma (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

(indeclinable)

Note: Intensifier for 'rūpavān'.

रूपवान् (rūpavān) - handsome, beautiful, possessed of form

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rūpavant

rūpavant - handsome, beautiful, possessed of form/beauty

Suffix -vant (possessing)

Note: Modifies 'ayam'.

प्रदृश्यते (pradṛśyate) - appears, is seen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present passive (ātmanepada)

Root dṛś (to see) with upasarga pra, present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (passive)

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

नु (nu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (now, then, indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle.

नरऋषभः (naraṛṣabhaḥ) - best among men, chief of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naraṛṣabha

naraṛṣabha - bull among men, best among men, chief of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)

युवा (yuvā) - young man, youthful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuvan

yuvan - young, youthful, young man

Note: Modifies 'naraṛṣabhaḥ'.