महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-7, verse-11

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तथा स भीमो विहितो महानसे विराटराज्ञो दयितोऽभवद्दृढम् ।
उवास राजन्न च तं पृथग्जनो बुबोध तत्रानुचरश्च कश्चन ॥११॥

11. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tathā sa bhīmo vihito mahānase; virāṭarājño dayito'bhavaddṛḍham ,
uvāsa rājanna ca taṁ pṛthagjano; bubodha tatrānucaraśca kaścana.

11. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tathā sa bhīmaḥ vihitaḥ
mahānase virāṭarājñaḥ dayitaḥ abhavat
dṛḍham uvāsa rājan na ca tam pṛthak
janaḥ bubodha tatra anucaraḥ ca kaścana

11. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: 'Thus, Bhīma was appointed in the kitchen and became very dear to King Virāṭa. O king, he lived there, and no common person, nor any attendant there, recognized him.'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• स (sa) - he (Bhīma) (he, that)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma, terrible

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - appointed (to a task) (appointed, arranged, performed, placed)

• महानसे (mahānase) - in the kitchen, in the cookhouse

• विराटराज्ञः (virāṭarājñaḥ) - of King Virāṭa

• दयितः (dayitaḥ) - dear, beloved, favorite

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was, he existed

• दृढम् (dṛḍham) - very (dear) (firmly, strongly, very much)

• उवास (uvāsa) - he dwelt, he lived

• राजन् (rājan) - O king, O ruler

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• तम् (tam) - him (Bhīma) (him, that)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - common (person) (separate, distinct, common)

• जनः (janaḥ) - person, man, people

• बुबोध (bubodha) - he knew, he recognized, he awakened

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the kitchen) (there, in that place)

• अनुचरः (anucaraḥ) - follower, attendant, servant

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone (in negative contexts, 'no one') (anyone, someone)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he (Bhīma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma, terrible

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava brother), terrible, dreadful

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - appointed (to a task) (appointed, arranged, performed, placed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - appointed, arranged, performed, ordained, prescribed, placed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā (to place, to put) with prefix vi (apart, distinctly)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

महानसे (mahānase) - in the kitchen, in the cookhouse

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahānasa

mahānasa - kitchen, cookhouse

विराटराज्ञः (virāṭarājñaḥ) - of King Virāṭa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of virāṭarāja

virāṭarāja - King Virāṭa

Compound type : tatpurusha (virāṭa+rājan)

• virāṭa – Virāṭa (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

दयितः (dayitaḥ) - dear, beloved, favorite

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dayita

dayita - dear, beloved, favorite, cherished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root day (to love, to pity)

Root: day (class 1)

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was, he existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - very (dear) (firmly, strongly, very much)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, hard, fixed, resolute

Past passive participle of dṛh 'to be firm', used as an adjective or adverb.

Root: dṛh (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverb here, modifying 'became dear'.

उवास (uvāsa) - he dwelt, he lived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (Bhīma) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

पृथक् (pṛthak) - common (person) (separate, distinct, common)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage, here applied adjectivally before 'janaḥ'.

जनः (janaḥ) - person, man, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, man, human being, people, creature

बुबोध (bubodha) - he knew, he recognized, he awakened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of budh

Root: budh (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the kitchen) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

अनुचरः (anucaraḥ) - follower, attendant, servant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anucara

anucara - follower, attendant, servant

Compound type : tatpurusha (anu+cara)

• anu – after, along, following
  indeclinable
• cara – moving, going, a mover, a spy
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root car (to move, to go)
  Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone (in negative contexts, 'no one') (anyone, someone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścana

kaścana - anyone, someone, whoever

Formed from the interrogative pronoun ka (who) and the particle cana, often used in negative sentences to mean 'no one' when combined with 'na'.

Note: In conjunction with 'na' in the sentence, it means 'no one'.