महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-47, verse-5

तांस्तु शूरान्महेष्वासांस्तदा निवसतो वने ।
अन्वयुर्ब्राह्मणा राजन्साग्नयोऽनग्नयस्तथा ॥५॥

5. tāṁstu śūrānmaheṣvāsāṁstadā nivasato vane ,
anvayurbrāhmaṇā rājansāgnayo'nagnayastathā.

5. tān tu śūrān maheṣvāsān tadā nivasataḥ vane
anvayuḥ brāhmaṇāḥ rājan sāgnayaḥ anagnayaḥ tathā

5. O King, at that time, brahmins—some maintaining their sacred fires, and others not—followed those brave, great archers who were dwelling in the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (those)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, however, indeed)

• शूरान् (śūrān) - brave ones, heroes (Pāṇḍavas) (brave, heroic, heroes)

• महेष्वासान् (maheṣvāsān) - great archers (Pāṇḍavas) (great archers, those with mighty bows)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• निवसतः (nivasataḥ) - residing (in the forest) (dwelling, residing)

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they (the brahmins) followed (they followed, went after)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - the brahmins (brahmins)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Janamejaya) (O King)

• साग्नयः (sāgnayaḥ) - brahmins who maintained their sacred fires (with fires, those maintaining sacrificial fires)

• अनग्नयः (anagnayaḥ) - brahmins who did not maintain sacred fires (perhaps ascetics or householders who had completed their rituals) (without fires, those not maintaining sacrificial fires)

• तथा (tathā) - and, also (connecting the two types of brahmins) (thus, so, and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

शूरान् (śūrān) - brave ones, heroes (Pāṇḍavas) (brave, heroic, heroes)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic; a hero, warrior

Note: Agrees with 'tān'.

महेष्वासान् (maheṣvāsān) - great archers (Pāṇḍavas) (great archers, those with mighty bows)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - one having a great bow, a great archer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow (literally 'arrow-thrower')
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tān'.

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

निवसतः (nivasataḥ) - residing (in the forest) (dwelling, residing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nivasat

nivasat - dwelling, residing

Present Active Participle

From root 'vas' (to dwell) with upasarga 'ni' (in, down), present active participle.

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tān'.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they (the brahmins) followed (they followed, went after)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anui

Imperfect past active third person plural

From root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'anu' (after), imperfect tense, third person plural, active voice.

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - the brahmins (brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, member of the priestly class

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Janamejaya) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

साग्नयः (sāgnayaḥ) - brahmins who maintained their sacred fires (with fires, those maintaining sacrificial fires)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāgni

sāgni - having fire, with fire (specifically, maintaining sacrificial fires)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+agni)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• agni – fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇāḥ'.

अनग्नयः (anagnayaḥ) - brahmins who did not maintain sacred fires (perhaps ascetics or householders who had completed their rituals) (without fires, those not maintaining sacrificial fires)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anagni

anagni - without fire, not keeping sacred fires

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+agni)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• agni – fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇāḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - and, also (connecting the two types of brahmins) (thus, so, and, also)

(indeclinable)