महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-47, verse-3

किमासीत्पाण्डुपुत्राणां वने भोजनमुच्यताम् ।
वानेयमथ वा कृष्टमेतदाख्यातु मे भवान् ॥३॥

3. kimāsītpāṇḍuputrāṇāṁ vane bhojanamucyatām ,
vāneyamatha vā kṛṣṭametadākhyātu me bhavān.

3. kim āsīt pāṇḍuputrāṇām vane bhojanam ucyatām
vāneyam atha vā kṛṣṭam etat ākhyātu me bhavān

3. Please tell me what the Pāṇḍavas ate in the forest. Please explain to me whether their food was forest produce or cultivated.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what (what, which, how)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas (of the sons of Pāṇḍu)

• वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in a grove)

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food (food, meal)

• उच्यताम् (ucyatām) - let it be told, please tell (let it be said, let it be told, tell (imperative))

• वानेयम् (vāneyam) - forest produce, wild food (produced in the forest, wild (food))

• अथ (atha) - or (then, now, hereupon, or)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either, and)

• कृष्टम् (kṛṣṭam) - cultivated food (cultivated, plowed; cultivated land/produce)

• एतत् (etat) - this (this, that)

• आख्यातु (ākhyātu) - relate, explain (tell, relate, narrate)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful address) (your honor, you)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what (what, which, how)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, how

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect past active third person singular

From root 'as' (to be), imperfect tense, third person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas (of the sons of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in a grove)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food (food, meal)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - food, eating, meal

Gerundive/Verbal Noun

From root 'bhuj' (to eat) + suffix '-ana'

Root: bhuj (class 7)

उच्यताम् (ucyatām) - let it be told, please tell (let it be said, let it be told, tell (imperative))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vac

Passive Imperative third person singular

From root 'vac' (to speak), passive voice, imperative mood, third person singular. 'vac' becomes 'uc' in passive stem.

Root: vac (class 2)

वानेयम् (vāneyam) - forest produce, wild food (produced in the forest, wild (food))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vāneya

vāneya - belonging to the forest, growing in the forest, forest produce

Derived from 'vana' (forest) + suffix 'eya'

Note: Agrees with implied 'bhojanam'

अथ (atha) - or (then, now, hereupon, or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in combination 'atha vā' meaning 'or'

वा (vā) - or (or, either, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in combination 'atha vā' meaning 'or'

कृष्टम् (kṛṣṭam) - cultivated food (cultivated, plowed; cultivated land/produce)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛṣṭa

kṛṣṭa - plowed, cultivated, tilled; cultivated land/produce

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛṣ' (to draw, to plow) + suffix '-ta'

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied 'bhojanam'

एतत् (etat) - this (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this, that

आख्यातु (ākhyātu) - relate, explain (tell, relate, narrate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ākhyā

Imperative third person singular

From root 'khyā' (to tell) with upasarga 'ā', imperative mood, third person singular, active voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Enclitic form of 'mad'

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful address) (your honor, you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (respectful); existing, being

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'bhū' (to be) used as a respectful pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as a respectful second-person pronoun, grammatically functions as third person