महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-257, verse-10

अस्ति नूनं मया कश्चिदल्पभाग्यतरो नरः ।
भवता दृष्टपूर्वो वा श्रुतपूर्वोऽपि वा भवेत् ॥१०॥

10. asti nūnaṁ mayā kaścidalpabhāgyataro naraḥ ,
bhavatā dṛṣṭapūrvo vā śrutapūrvo'pi vā bhavet.

10. asti nūnam mayā kaścit alpa-bhāgyataraḥ naraḥ
bhavatā dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ vā śrutapūrvaḥ api vā bhavet

10. Surely, there is no man more unfortunate than I. Perhaps such a one has been seen or heard of by you before.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, surely, indeed

• मया (mayā) - by me

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, anyone, a certain

• अल्प-भाग्यतरः (alpa-bhāgyataraḥ) - more unfortunate, more ill-fated

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you, by your honor

• दृष्टपूर्वः (dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ) - seen before, previously seen

• वा (vā) - or

• श्रुतपूर्वः (śrutapūrvaḥ) - heard before, previously heard

• अपि (api) - also, even

• वा (vā) - or

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

Words meanings and morphology

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Tense, Indicative Mood

2nd conjugation, parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, surely, indeed

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun

कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, anyone, a certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, anyone, a certain (indefinite pronoun)

Formed from 'kim' + 'cid'

अल्प-भाग्यतरः (alpa-bhāgyataraḥ) - more unfortunate, more ill-fated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpa-bhāgyatara

alpa-bhāgyatara - more unfortunate, more ill-fated (comparative degree)

Comparative of 'alpa-bhāgya' (having little fortune) with suffix '-tara'

Compound type : tatpurusha (alpa+bhāgya)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāgya – fortune, destiny, luck
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human, person

Root: nṛ

भवता (bhavatā) - by you, by your honor

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of 'bhū'

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to the listener.

दृष्टपूर्वः (dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ) - seen before, previously seen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭapūrva

dṛṣṭapūrva - seen before, previously seen

Compound of 'dṛṣṭa' (PPP of 'dṛś') and 'pūrva' (before)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dṛṣṭa+pūrva)

• dṛṣṭa – seen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dṛś' (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• pūrva – before, former, earlier
  adjective (masculine)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

श्रुतपूर्वः (śrutapūrvaḥ) - heard before, previously heard

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutapūrva

śrutapūrva - heard before, previously heard

Compound of 'śruta' (PPP of 'śru') and 'pūrva' (before)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śruta+pūrva)

• śruta – heard
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śru' (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 5)
• pūrva – before, former, earlier
  adjective (masculine)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood

1st conjugation, parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)