महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-56, verse-8

यदा मन्युं पाण्डवोऽजातशत्रुर्न संयच्छेदक्षमयाभिभूतः ।
वृकोदरः सव्यसाची यमौ च कोऽत्र द्वीपः स्यात्तुमुले वस्तदानीम् ॥८॥

8. yadā manyuṁ pāṇḍavo'jātaśatru;rna saṁyacchedakṣamayābhibhūtaḥ ,
vṛkodaraḥ savyasācī yamau ca; ko'tra dvīpaḥ syāttumule vastadānīm.

8. yadā manyum pāṇḍavaḥ ajātaśatruḥ
na saṃyacchet akṣamayā abhibhūtaḥ
vṛkodaraḥ savyasācī yamau ca kaḥ
atra dvīpaḥ syāt tumule vaḥ tadānīm

8. If the Pāṇḍava (Pāṇḍava) Yudhiṣṭhira (Ajātaśatru), overcome by impatience, does not control his anger, and if Bhīma (Vṛkodara), Arjuna (Savyasācī), and the two younger brothers (Yamau) are also present, who then would be your refuge in that tumultuous conflict?

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - Introduces a conditional clause. (when)

• मन्युम् (manyum) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's anger. (anger, wrath)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Specifically referring to Yudhiṣṭhira. (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

• अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - A specific epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, indicating his peaceful nature, now contrasted with his potential anger. (one who has no enemies born, Yudhiṣṭhira)

• न (na) - Negates the verb 'saṃyacchet'. (not)

• संयच्छेत् (saṁyacchet) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira restraining his anger. (would restrain, control)

• अक्षमया (akṣamayā) - The cause or means by which Yudhiṣṭhira might be overcome. (by impatience, by intolerance)

• अभिभूतः (abhibhūtaḥ) - Describes Yudhiṣṭhira's state of being overcome by impatience. (overcome, overwhelmed)

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Refers to Bhīma, known for his immense appetite and strength. (wolf-bellied, Bhīma)

• सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - Refers to Arjuna, known for being ambidextrous in archery. (ambidextrous, Arjuna)

• यमौ (yamau) - Refers to Nakula and Sahadeva, the twin Pāṇḍavas. (the two Yamas, the twins (Nakula and Sahadeva))

• च (ca) - and

• कः (kaḥ) - Interrogative pronoun asking about refuge. (who)

• अत्र (atra) - Referring to the current situation or impending conflict. (here, in this matter)

• द्वीपः (dvīpaḥ) - Metaphorical 'island' as a place of safety or protection. (island, refuge, shelter)

• स्यात् (syāt) - Part of the conditional statement, expressing a hypothetical outcome. (would be, might be)

• तुमुले (tumule) - Refers to a chaotic or violent situation, specifically the impending war. (in the tumultuous battle/conflict)

• वः (vaḥ) - Referring to the addressees, the Kauravas. (for you (plural))

• तदानीम् (tadānīm) - Referring to the time when Yudhiṣṭhira is angry and the other Pāṇḍavas are active. (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - Introduces a conditional clause. (when)

(indeclinable)

मन्युम् (manyum) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's anger. (anger, wrath)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - anger, wrath, passion, spirit, mood

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Specifically referring to Yudhiṣṭhira. (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu

Derived from Pāṇḍu (proper noun)

अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - A specific epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, indicating his peaceful nature, now contrasted with his potential anger. (one who has no enemies born, Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajātaśatru

ajātaśatru - one to whom no enemies have been born; a title of Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+jāta+śatru)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jāta – born, produced, arisen
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• śatru – enemy, foe, rival
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - Negates the verb 'saṃyacchet'. (not)

(indeclinable)

संयच्छेत् (saṁyacchet) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira restraining his anger. (would restrain, control)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of saṃ-yam

Prefix: sam

Root: yam (class 1)

अक्षमया (akṣamayā) - The cause or means by which Yudhiṣṭhira might be overcome. (by impatience, by intolerance)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of akṣamā

akṣamā - impatience, intolerance, inability to bear, resentment

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣamā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• kṣamā – patience, forbearance, tolerance; earth
  noun (feminine)
  From √kṣam (to be patient)
  Root: kṣam (class 1)

अभिभूतः (abhibhūtaḥ) - Describes Yudhiṣṭhira's state of being overcome by impatience. (overcome, overwhelmed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhibhūta

abhibhūta - overcome, overpowered, subdued, conquered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the verb abhi-√bhū ('to overpower, overcome')

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍavaḥ ajātaśatruḥ.

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Refers to Bhīma, known for his immense appetite and strength. (wolf-bellied, Bhīma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied, having a stomach like a wolf's (i.e., voracious appetite); a name of Bhīma

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach, womb
  noun (neuter)

सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - Refers to Arjuna, known for being ambidextrous in archery. (ambidextrous, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - using the left hand as well (as the right); ambidextrous; a name for Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left hand
  adjective (neuter)
• sācin – drawing, pulling (referring to a bowstring)
  noun (masculine)
  From root √sañj (to attach, join), or related to √sā (to tie, bind)

यमौ (yamau) - Refers to Nakula and Sahadeva, the twin Pāṇḍavas. (the two Yamas, the twins (Nakula and Sahadeva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yama

yama - twin; the god of death; self-restraint; (as a proper noun) Nakula and Sahadeva

Note: Specifically refers to Nakula and Sahadeva collectively.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - Interrogative pronoun asking about refuge. (who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which; why, how

अत्र (atra) - Referring to the current situation or impending conflict. (here, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

द्वीपः (dvīpaḥ) - Metaphorical 'island' as a place of safety or protection. (island, refuge, shelter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvīpa

dvīpa - island, continent; a place of refuge, shelter, asylum

स्यात् (syāt) - Part of the conditional statement, expressing a hypothetical outcome. (would be, might be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

तुमुले (tumule) - Refers to a chaotic or violent situation, specifically the impending war. (in the tumultuous battle/conflict)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, violent, agitated; a great clamor, confusion, battle

Note: Used as a noun, 'in the tumult'.

वः (vaḥ) - Referring to the addressees, the Kauravas. (for you (plural))

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can be genitive or dative; here dative ('for you') fits the sense of 'refuge for you'.

तदानीम् (tadānīm) - Referring to the time when Yudhiṣṭhira is angry and the other Pāṇḍavas are active. (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)