महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-26, verse-18

एतदेतादृशं सूक्ष्मं ब्रह्मचर्यं विदुर्बुधाः ।
विदित्वा चान्वपद्यन्त क्षेत्रज्ञेनानुदर्शिनः ॥१८॥

18. etadetādṛśaṁ sūkṣmaṁ brahmacaryaṁ vidurbudhāḥ ,
viditvā cānvapadyanta kṣetrajñenānudarśinaḥ.

18. etat etādṛśam sūkṣmam brahmacaryam viduḥ budhāḥ
viditvā ca anvapadyanta kṣetrajñena anudarśinaḥ

18. budhāḥ etat etādṛśam sūkṣmam brahmacaryam viduḥ
ca viditvā kṣetrajñena anudarśinaḥ anvapadyanta

18. The wise (budhāḥ) know this subtle and unique form of spiritual discipline (brahmacarya). And having understood it, those who perceive through the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) subsequently attained it.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• एतादृशम् (etādṛśam) - such, of this kind

• सूक्ष्मम् (sūkṣmam) - subtle, profound, minute

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - spiritual discipline, celibacy, studenthood of the Vedas

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise, intelligent ones

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्वपद्यन्त (anvapadyanta) - they followed, they attained

• क्षेत्रज्ञेन (kṣetrajñena) - by the knower of the field/body, by the individual self (ātman)

• अनुदर्शिनः (anudarśinaḥ) - those who perceive later, followers, observers, perceivers in accordance with

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

एतादृशम् (etādṛśam) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etādṛśa

etādṛśa - such, of this kind, like this

सूक्ष्मम् (sūkṣmam) - subtle, profound, minute

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sūkṣma

sūkṣma - subtle, minute, fine, delicate, profound

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - spiritual discipline, celibacy, studenthood of the Vedas

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - studenthood of the Vedas, celibacy, spiritual discipline, conduct in Brahman

Compound of brahman (Brahman, Veda) and carya (conduct, practice).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carya)

• brahman – Brahman, Veda, ultimate reality
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• carya – conduct, practice, observance, course
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive/noun from root car
  Root: car (class 1)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise, intelligent ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, awakened; a wise person

Derived from root 'budh' (to awaken, know).

Root: budh (class 1)

विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from the root 'vid' (to know) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्वपद्यन्त (anvapadyanta) - they followed, they attained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of anvapad

Derived from the root 'pad' (to go, to fall) with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: pad (class 4)

क्षेत्रज्ञेन (kṣetrajñena) - by the knower of the field/body, by the individual self (ātman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field (body), the individual self (ātman), the soul, spirit

Compound of kṣetra (field, body) and jña (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, land, place, body (metaphorical field of action)
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, knowing, understand, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -jña from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

अनुदर्शिनः (anudarśinaḥ) - those who perceive later, followers, observers, perceivers in accordance with

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anudarśin

anudarśin - perceiving afterwards, seeing in accordance with, a follower, an observer

Agent noun from root dṛś with prefix anu

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with prefix 'anu'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anu+darśin)

• anu – after, along, according to, subsequent
  indeclinable
• darśin – seeing, perceiving, observing, a seer, an observer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root dṛś
  Root: dṛś (class 1)