महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-26, verse-12

शृणोत्ययं प्रोच्यमानं गृह्णाति च यथातथम् ।
पृच्छतस्तावतो भूयो गुरुरन्योऽनुमन्यते ॥१२॥

12. śṛṇotyayaṁ procyamānaṁ gṛhṇāti ca yathātatham ,
pṛcchatastāvato bhūyo gururanyo'numanyate.

12. śṛṇoti ayam procyamānam gṛhṇāti ca yathātatham
pṛcchataḥ tāvataḥ bhūyaḥ guruḥ anyaḥ anumanyate

12. ayam procyamānam śṛṇoti ca yathātatham gṛhṇāti.
anyaḥ guruḥ tāvataḥ bhūyaḥ pṛcchataḥ anumanyate.

12. This student listens to what is being taught and comprehends it accurately. Another teacher (guru) then approves of the one who asks more questions.

Words meanings summery:

• शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears, listens

• अयम् (ayam) - This student (this (one), he)

• प्रोच्यमानम् (procyamānam) - that which is being said, being taught

• गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti) - grasps, takes, comprehends

• च (ca) - and

• यथातथम् (yathātatham) - exactly as it is, accurately, truly

• पृच्छतः (pṛcchataḥ) - of the one who asks, of the questioner

• तावतः (tāvataḥ) - of so much, of so many (questions)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more, further, again

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher, spiritual preceptor

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, different, another

• अनुमन्यते (anumanyate) - approves, assents, permits

Words meanings and morphology

शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears, listens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śru

Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

From root śru, belonging to 5th class.

Root: śru (class 5)

अयम् (ayam) - This student (this (one), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Masculine nominative singular of idam.

प्रोच्यमानम् (procyamānam) - that which is being said, being taught

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of procyamāna

procyamāna - being said, being spoken, being taught

present passive participle

From root vac/brū (to speak) with upasarga pra- and m-suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Acts as a substantive here.

गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti) - grasps, takes, comprehends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of grah

Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

From root grah, belonging to 9th class.

Root: grah (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यथातथम् (yathātatham) - exactly as it is, accurately, truly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound (avyayībhāva) of yathā (as) and tathā (so).

पृच्छतः (pṛcchataḥ) - of the one who asks, of the questioner

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pṛcchat

pṛcchat - asking, questioning

present active participle

From root prach (to ask) with present participle suffix -at.

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Acts as a substantive here.

तावतः (tāvataḥ) - of so much, of so many (questions)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tāvat

tāvat - so much, so many, so far

Genitive singular of tāvat.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more, further, again

(indeclinable)

Comparative adverb from bahu (much).

गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher, spiritual preceptor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual preceptor, heavy, weighty

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, different, another

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, different, another

Masculine nominative singular.

Note: Modifies guruḥ, implying a second or different type of teacher.

अनुमन्यते (anumanyate) - approves, assents, permits

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of man

Present Middle Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

From root man (to think) with upasarga anu-, belonging to 4th class.

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)