महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-39, verse-11

कस्ताः शक्तो रक्षितुं स्यादिति मे संशयो महान् ।
तन्मे ब्रूहि महाबाहो कुरूणां वंशवर्धन ॥११॥

11. kastāḥ śakto rakṣituṁ syāditi me saṁśayo mahān ,
tanme brūhi mahābāho kurūṇāṁ vaṁśavardhana.

11. kaḥ tāḥ śaktaḥ rakṣitum syāt iti me saṃśayaḥ
mahān tat me brūhi mahābāho kurūṇām vaṃśavardhana

11. kaḥ tāḥ rakṣitum śaktaḥ syāt iti me mahān saṃśayaḥ
tat me brūhi mahābāho kurūṇām vaṃśavardhana

11. Who would be capable of protecting them? This is my great doubt. Therefore, tell me, O mighty-armed one, O enhancer of the Kuru lineage.

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• ताः (tāḥ) - referring to women (striyaḥ) from the previous verse. (them (feminine plural))

• शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able

• रक्षितुम् (rakṣitum) - to protect

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, may be

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought

• मे (me) - my, to me

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

• महान् (mahān) - great, large

• तत् (tat) - Therefore (as an adverbial use) (therefore, that, so)

• मे (me) - my, to me

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

• वंशवर्धन (vaṁśavardhana) - O enhancer of the lineage, O increaser of the dynasty

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'kim'.

ताः (tāḥ) - referring to women (striyaḥ) from the previous verse. (them (feminine plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, she, they

Note: Feminine accusative plural of 'tad'.

शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta

śakta - capable, able, strong, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ŚAK (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'kaḥ'.

रक्षितुम् (rakṣitum) - to protect

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Formed with suffix -tum.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Infinitive form.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Optative 3rd singular of √as.

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form for genitive/dative singular.

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

Derived from root ŚĪ (to lie) with prefix SAM-.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

महान् (mahān) - great, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

Note: Masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'saṃśayaḥ'.

तत् (tat) - Therefore (as an adverbial use) (therefore, that, so)

(indeclinable)

Used here as an indeclinable adverb.

Note: Accusative singular neuter of 'tad', often used adverbially.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form for genitive/dative singular.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Irregular imperative form.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Imperative 2nd singular of √brū.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed (an epithet)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative singular of 'mahābāhu'.

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a member of the Kuru dynasty, the Kuru country

वंशवर्धन (vaṁśavardhana) - O enhancer of the lineage, O increaser of the dynasty

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vaṃśavardhana

vaṁśavardhana - enhancer of the lineage/dynasty, perpetuator of the family

Compound (vaṃśa + vardhana). Vardhana is from root VṚDH (to grow, increase).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaṃśa+vardhana)

• vaṃśa – lineage, race, family, dynasty
  noun (masculine)
• vardhana – increasing, promoting, enhancing, increaser
  noun/adjective (masculine/neuter)
  agent noun/action noun
  From root VṚDH (to grow, increase) with suffix -ana.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Vocative singular.