महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-80, verse-17

अहिंसा सत्यवचनमानृशंस्यं दमो घृणा ।
एतत्तपो विदुर्धीरा न शरीरस्य शोषणम् ॥१७॥

17. ahiṁsā satyavacanamānṛśaṁsyaṁ damo ghṛṇā ,
etattapo vidurdhīrā na śarīrasya śoṣaṇam.

17. ahiṃsā satyavacanam ānṛśaṃsyam damaḥ ghṛṇā
etat tapaḥ viduḥ dhīrāḥ na śarīrasya śoṣaṇam

17. dhīrāḥ viduḥ etat tapaḥ ahiṃsā satyavacanam
ānṛśaṃsyam damaḥ ghṛṇā na śarīrasya śoṣaṇam

17. Non-violence, truthfulness in speech, compassion, self-control, and mercy—the wise know this to be true austerity (tapas), not the emaciation of the body.

Words meanings summery:

• अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence, non-injury

• सत्यवचनम् (satyavacanam) - truthful speech, speaking the truth

• आनृशंस्यम् (ānṛśaṁsyam) - absence of cruelty, kindness, compassion, humanity

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint, subduing

• घृणा (ghṛṇā) - compassion, mercy (in the context of positive qualities for tapas) (compassion, pity, mercy)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the preceding list of qualities) (this)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - true spiritual austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, the steady, intelligent ones

• न (na) - not, no

• शरीरस्य (śarīrasya) - of the body

• शोषणम् (śoṣaṇam) - the act of emaciating or weakening the body (emaciation, drying up, causing to dry up)

Words meanings and morphology

अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence, non-injury

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ahiṃsā

ahiṁsā - non-violence, non-injury, harmlessness

From 'a-' (negation) + 'hiṃsā' (violence). 'hiṃsā' from root 'hiṃs' (to injure).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hiṃsā)

• a – negation, not, non-
  indeclinable
• hiṃsā – violence, injury
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'hiṃs' (to injure) + 'a' (feminine suffix).
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

सत्यवचनम् (satyavacanam) - truthful speech, speaking the truth

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satyavacana

satyavacana - truthful speech, speaking the truth

Compound of 'satya' (truth) and 'vacana' (speech).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (satya+vacana)

• satya – truth, true, real
  adjective (neuter)
  From 'sat' (being) + 'ya' (suffix)
  Root: as (class 2)
• vacana – speech, saying, word
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root 'vac' (to speak) + 'ana' (suffix)
  Root: vac (class 2)

आनृशंस्यम् (ānṛśaṁsyam) - absence of cruelty, kindness, compassion, humanity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ānṛśaṃsya

ānṛśaṁsya - absence of cruelty, kindness, compassion, humanity

From 'a-' (negation) + 'nṛśaṃsa' (cruel, brutal) + 'ya' (abstract suffix).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nṛśaṃsya)

• a – negation, not, non-
  indeclinable
• nṛśaṃsya – cruelty, brutalness
  noun (neuter)
  From 'nṛśaṃsa' (cruel) + 'ya' (abstract suffix)

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint, subduing

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subduing (of senses/mind)

From root 'dam' (to tame, subdue).

Root: dam (class 4)

घृणा (ghṛṇā) - compassion, mercy (in the context of positive qualities for tapas) (compassion, pity, mercy)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ghṛṇā

ghṛṇā - compassion, pity, mercy; heat, sunshine; hatred (less common)

From root 'ghṛṇ' (to shine, to pity).

Root: ghṛṇ (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the preceding list of qualities) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the collective qualities.

तपः (tapaḥ) - true spiritual austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity (tapas), penance, religious mortification, heat, burning

From root 'tap' (to heat, suffer penance).

Root: tap (class 1)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

present active

From root 'vid' (to know), 2nd class (adādi), irregular.

Root: vid (class 2)

धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, the steady, intelligent ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steady, firm, intelligent, resolute

From 'dhī' (thought, understanding) + 'ra' (suffix).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

शरीरस्य (śarīrasya) - of the body

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame

From root 'śṝ' (to break, decay).

Root: śṝ (class 9)

शोषणम् (śoṣaṇam) - the act of emaciating or weakening the body (emaciation, drying up, causing to dry up)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śoṣaṇa

śoṣaṇa - drying up, emaciation, causing to dry, weakening

action noun (derived from causative)

From root 'śuṣ' (to dry) in its causative form ('śoṣi') + 'ana' (suffix).

Root: śuṣ (class 4)