महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-71, verse-7

नापरीक्ष्य नयेद्दण्डं न च मन्त्रं प्रकाशयेत् ।
विसृजेन्न च लुब्धेभ्यो विश्वसेन्नापकारिषु ॥७॥

7. nāparīkṣya nayeddaṇḍaṁ na ca mantraṁ prakāśayet ,
visṛjenna ca lubdhebhyo viśvasennāpakāriṣu.

7. na aparīkṣya nayet daṇḍam na ca mantram prakāśayet
visṛjet na ca lubdhebhyo viśvaset na apakāriṣu

7. aparīkṣya daṇḍam na nayet mantram ca na prakāśayet
lubdhebhyo ca na visṛjet apakāriṣu na viśvaset

7. One should not inflict punishment without due examination, nor reveal confidential counsel (mantra). One should not bestow (favors) upon greedy individuals, nor trust those who cause harm.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• अपरीक्ष्य (aparīkṣya) - without examining, without testing

• नयेत् (nayet) - should inflict (punishment) (should lead, should guide, should apply, should inflict)

• दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment, rod, staff

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• मन्त्रम् (mantram) - confidential counsel (mantra), secret plan (counsel, sacred utterance, secret plan)

• प्रकाशयेत् (prakāśayet) - should make manifest, should reveal, should illuminate

• विसृजेत् (visṛjet) - should bestow (favors, wealth) (should release, should abandon, should bestow)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• लुब्धेभ्यो (lubdhebhyo) - to greedy persons (dative) (to/from greedy persons)

• विश्वसेत् (viśvaset) - should trust, should rely upon

• न (na) - not, no

• अपकारिषु (apakāriṣu) - in/among those who do harm, in/among enemies

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अपरीक्ष्य (aparīkṣya) - without examining, without testing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of 'pari-īkṣ' (to examine) negated by 'na'.

Compound type : na-tatpurusha (na+parīkṣya)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• parīkṣya – having examined, having tested
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (Gerund)
  Absolutive of root 'īkṣ' (to see, examine) with prefix 'pari'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

नयेत् (nayet) - should inflict (punishment) (should lead, should guide, should apply, should inflict)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of nī

Root: nī (class 1)

दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment, rod, staff

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, staff, punishment, chastisement, fine

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मन्त्रम् (mantram) - confidential counsel (mantra), secret plan (counsel, sacred utterance, secret plan)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance (mantra), hymn, counsel, plan, secret, charm

Derived from root 'man' (to think) with suffix '-tra'.

Root: man (class 4)

प्रकाशयेत् (prakāśayet) - should make manifest, should reveal, should illuminate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pra-kāś

Causative stem

Causative form 'prakāśay' of root 'kāś' with prefix 'pra' (to shine forth, reveal).

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

विसृजेत् (visṛjet) - should bestow (favors, wealth) (should release, should abandon, should bestow)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vi-sṛj

Root 'sṛj' with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

लुब्धेभ्यो (lubdhebhyo) - to greedy persons (dative) (to/from greedy persons)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, plural of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous, eager, perplexed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'lubh' (to covet, desire).

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Used as a noun: 'greedy individuals'.

विश्वसेत् (viśvaset) - should trust, should rely upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vi-śvas

Root 'śvas' (to breathe) with prefix 'vi', meaning 'to breathe freely', hence 'to trust'.

Prefix: vi

Root: śvas (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अपकारिषु (apakāriṣu) - in/among those who do harm, in/among enemies

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of apakārin

apakārin - one who injures, mischievous, enemy, foe

Agent noun

Compound of prefix 'apa' (away, badly) + 'kārin' (doer). 'kārin' is an agent noun from 'kṛ' (to do).

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (apakāra+in)

• apa – away, off, down, badly, wrongly
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix 'apa' indicating separation or badness.
• kārin – doer, maker, performing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Agent noun derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-in'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as a noun: 'those who cause harm'.