महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-334, verse-8

य एष गुरुरस्माकमृषिर्गन्धवतीसुतः ।
तेनैतत्कथितं तात माहात्म्यं परमात्मनः ।
तस्माच्छ्रुतं मया चेदं कथितं च तवानघ ॥८॥

8. ya eṣa gururasmākamṛṣirgandhavatīsutaḥ ,
tenaitatkathitaṁ tāta māhātmyaṁ paramātmanaḥ ,
tasmācchrutaṁ mayā cedaṁ kathitaṁ ca tavānagha.

8. yaḥ eṣaḥ guruḥ asmākam ṛṣiḥ
gandhavatī-sutaḥ tena etat kathitam tāta
māhātmyam paramātmanaḥ tasmāt śrutam
mayā ca idam kathitam ca tava anagha

8. yaḥ eṣaḥ gandhavatī-sutaḥ ṛṣiḥ asmākam
guruḥ tāta tena paramātmanaḥ etat
māhātmyam kathitam anagha tasmāt
mayā śrutam ca idam kathitam ca tava

8. This sage, the son of Gandhavatī, is our preceptor. By him, dear child, this greatness of the supreme (paramātman) has been expounded. Therefore, I have heard it from him, and now I narrate it to you, O sinless one.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this, this one)

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - preceptor (teacher, preceptor, heavy, venerable)

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our (of us, our)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage (sage, seer)

• गन्धवती-सुतः (gandhavatī-sutaḥ) - son of Gandhavatī (Vyāsa) (son of Gandhavatī)

• तेन (tena) - by him (by the sage Vyāsa) (by him, by that)

• एतत् (etat) - this (this, this one)

• कथितम् (kathitam) - has been expounded/told (told, narrated, spoken)

• तात (tāta) - dear child (dear child, father, respected one)

• माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness (greatness, glory, majesty)

• परमात्मनः (paramātmanaḥ) - of the supreme (paramātman) (of the supreme self, of the supreme soul)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from him (from that, therefore, from him)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, listened)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• इदम् (idam) - this (story) (this, this one)

• कथितम् (kathitam) - has been told (told, narrated, spoken)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• तव (tava) - to you (of you, your)

• अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (O sinless one, faultless)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

गुरुः (guruḥ) - preceptor (teacher, preceptor, heavy, venerable)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, heavy, important

Root: gṝ (class 9)

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our (of us, our)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

गन्धवती-सुतः (gandhavatī-sutaḥ) - son of Gandhavatī (Vyāsa) (son of Gandhavatī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandhavatī-suta

gandhavatī-suta - son of Gandhavatī

Tatpuruṣa compound. Gandhavatī is another name for Satyavatī, Vyāsa's mother. So, Vyāsa.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandhavatī+suta)

• gandhavatī – having fragrance, name of Satyavatī
  proper noun (feminine)
  Feminine of gandhavat, from gandha + matup (possessive suffix).
• suta – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle of sū (to bear, produce).
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Refers to Vyāsa.

तेन (tena) - by him (by the sage Vyāsa) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एतत् (etat) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the 'greatness'.

कथितम् (kathitam) - has been expounded/told (told, narrated, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - told, spoken, narrated

Past Passive Participle

From root kath (to tell, speak) with suffix -ta.

Root: kath (class 10)

तात (tāta) - dear child (dear child, father, respected one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear child, father, respected one

Note: Term of endearment.

माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness (greatness, glory, majesty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of māhātmya

māhātmya - greatness, glory, majesty

Derived from mahātman (great self).

परमात्मनः (paramātmanaḥ) - of the supreme (paramātman) (of the supreme self, of the supreme soul)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paramātman

paramātman - supreme self, supreme soul

Tatpuruṣa compound: parama (supreme) + ātman (self/soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+ātman)

• parama – supreme, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of para.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from him (from that, therefore, from him)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can refer to the sage (masculine) or the reason (neuter).

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, listened)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, revealed (scripture)

Past Passive Participle

From root śru (to hear) with suffix -ta.

Root: śru (class 5)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (story) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the current narration.

कथितम् (kathitam) - has been told (told, narrated, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - told, spoken, narrated

Past Passive Participle

From root kath (to tell, speak) with suffix -ta.

Root: kath (class 10)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - to you (of you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yusmad

yusmad - you

Note: Used here in a dative sense.

अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (O sinless one, faultless)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

From a (negation) + agha (sin, fault).

Compound type : nan-tatpuruṣa (a+agha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• agha – sin, fault, impurity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: agh