महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-153, verse-9

उभावेतौ समफलौ समदोषौ च भारत ।
अज्ञानं चातिलोभश्चाप्येकं जानीहि पार्थिव ॥९॥

9. ubhāvetau samaphalau samadoṣau ca bhārata ,
ajñānaṁ cātilobhaścāpyekaṁ jānīhi pārthiva.

9. ubhau etau samaphalau samadoṣau ca bhārata
ajñānam ca atilobhaḥ ca api ekam jānīhi pārthiva

9. bhārata pārthiva jānīhi ubhau etau ajñānam ca
atilobhaḥ ca api ekam samaphalau samadoṣau

9. O Bhārata, O prince (pārthiva), know that both ignorance (ajñāna) and excessive greed are considered one (ekam), as they have equal results and equal faults.

Words meanings summery:

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• समफलौ (samaphalau) - having equal results, producing equal fruits

• समदोषौ (samadoṣau) - having equal faults/defects

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - An address to Arjuna. (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance (ajñāna)

• च (ca) - and

• अतिलोभः (atilobhaḥ) - excessive greed

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• एकम् (ekam) - one, a single thing

• जानीहि (jānīhi) - know! understand!

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O prince, O earthly king

Words meanings and morphology

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both, two

Dual form of the pronominal stem.

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

समफलौ (samaphalau) - having equal results, producing equal fruits

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of samaphala

samaphala - having equal fruits/results

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'sama' (equal) and 'phala' (fruit/result).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+phala)

• sama – equal, same, like
  adjective
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'ubhau etau'.

समदोषौ (samadoṣau) - having equal faults/defects

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of samadoṣa

samadoṣa - having equal faults/defects

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'sama' (equal) and 'doṣa' (fault/defect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+doṣa)

• sama – equal, same, like
  adjective
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, sin
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'ubhau etau'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'samaphalau' and 'samadoṣau'.

भारत (bhārata) - An address to Arjuna. (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, India

Patronymic.

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance (ajñāna)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, lack of knowledge, nescience

Compound of 'a-' (negation) and 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : nan-tatpurusha (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root √jñā (to know).
  Root: √jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'ajñānam' and 'atilobhaḥ'.

अतिलोभः (atilobhaḥ) - excessive greed

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atilobha

atilobha - excessive greed, extreme covetousness

Tatpurusha compound of 'ati' (excessive) and 'lobha' (greed).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+lobha)

• ati – excessive, beyond, over
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excess or transcendence.
• lobha – greed, covetousness, avarice
  noun (masculine)
  From root √lubh (to covet, desire).
  Root: √lubh (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or conjunctive particle.

एकम् (ekam) - one, a single thing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Numeral adjective.

Note: Refers to 'ajñānam' and 'atilobhaḥ' as a unified concept.

जानीहि (jānīhi) - know! understand!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of jñā

Imperative Mood

2nd person singular, active voice. The stem is jānī.

Root: √jñā (class 9)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O prince, O earthly king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, prince, king

From 'pṛthivī' (earth).

Note: Another address, often to Arjuna or a king.