महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-153, verse-10

लोभप्रभवमज्ञानं वृद्धं भूयः प्रवर्धते ।
स्थाने स्थानं क्षये क्षैण्यमुपैति विविधां गतिम् ॥१०॥

10. lobhaprabhavamajñānaṁ vṛddhaṁ bhūyaḥ pravardhate ,
sthāne sthānaṁ kṣaye kṣaiṇyamupaiti vividhāṁ gatim.

10. lobhaprabhavam ajñānam vṛddham bhūyaḥ pravardhate
sthāne sthānam kṣaye kṣaiṇyam upaiti vividhām gatim

10. lobhaprabhavam ajñānam vṛddham bhūyaḥ pravardhate
sthāne sthānam kṣaye vividhām kṣaiṇyam gatim upaiti

10. Ignorance (ajñāna), which arises from greed, when grown, further increases. It takes its proper place in various situations, and in decline, it experiences diverse states of degeneration.

Words meanings summery:

• लोभप्रभवम् (lobhaprabhavam) - arising from greed

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance (ajñāna)

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - when it has matured or become significant (grown, increased, matured)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• प्रवर्धते (pravardhate) - increases, grows, thrives

• स्थाने (sthāne) - in various situations (in place, in a situation, in its state)

• स्थानम् (sthānam) - its proper place/state (place, state, position)

• क्षये (kṣaye) - in decay, in loss, in decline

• क्षैण्यम् (kṣaiṇyam) - states of degeneration (debility, decay, emaciation, weakness)

• उपैति (upaiti) - obtains, approaches, experiences, undergoes

• विविधाम् (vividhām) - various, diverse, manifold

• गतिम् (gatim) - states of degeneration/condition (state, course, destination, path)

Words meanings and morphology

लोभप्रभवम् (lobhaprabhavam) - arising from greed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lobhaprabhava

lobhaprabhava - originating from greed, born of avarice

Tatpurusha compound of 'lobha' (greed) and 'prabhava' (origin).

Compound type : tatpurusha (lobha+prabhava)

• lobha – greed, covetousness, avarice
  noun (masculine)
  From root √lubh (to covet, desire).
  Root: √lubh (class 4)
• prabhava – origin, source, birth, power
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhū (to be) with prefix 'pra-'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √bhū (class 1)

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance (ajñāna)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, lack of knowledge, nescience

Compound of 'a-' (negation) and 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : nan-tatpurusha (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root √jñā (to know).
  Root: √jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - when it has matured or become significant (grown, increased, matured)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - grown, aged, increased, old

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛdh (to grow).

Root: √vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially or as a qualifying adjective.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

Comparative adverb from 'bahu' (much).

Note: Modifies 'pravardhate'.

प्रवर्धते (pravardhate) - increases, grows, thrives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-vṛdh

Present Tense

3rd person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: pra

Root: √vṛdh (class 1)

स्थाने (sthāne) - in various situations (in place, in a situation, in its state)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, state, situation, station

From root √sthā (to stand).

Root: √sthā (class 1)

स्थानम् (sthānam) - its proper place/state (place, state, position)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, state, situation, station

From root √sthā (to stand).

Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'upaiti'.

क्षये (kṣaye) - in decay, in loss, in decline

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - decay, decline, destruction, loss, waste

From root √kṣi (to decay, perish).

Root: √kṣi (class 5)

क्षैण्यम् (kṣaiṇyam) - states of degeneration (debility, decay, emaciation, weakness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣaiṇya

kṣaiṇya - decay, debility, emaciation, weakness

From 'kṣīṇa' (decayed) or 'kṣaya' (decay).

Note: Direct object of 'upaiti', along with 'gatim'.

उपैति (upaiti) - obtains, approaches, experiences, undergoes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upa-i

Present Tense

3rd person singular, active voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: √i (class 2)

विविधाम् (vividhām) - various, diverse, manifold

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold, of various kinds

From 'vi' (diverse) and 'vidha' (kind).

Compound type : karmadharaya (vi+vidha)

• vi – apart, asunder, diverse
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or diversity.
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

गतिम् (gatim) - states of degeneration/condition (state, course, destination, path)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, state, condition, destiny, path

From root √gam (to go).

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'upaiti'.