महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-153, verse-5

श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वेन यथावदिह पार्थिव ।
अज्ञानप्रभवं हीदं यद्दुःखमुपलभ्यते ॥५॥

5. śrotumicchāmi tattvena yathāvadiha pārthiva ,
ajñānaprabhavaṁ hīdaṁ yadduḥkhamupalabhyate.

5. śrotum icchāmi tattvena yathāvat iha pārthiva
ajñānaprabhavam hi idam yat duḥkham upalabhyate

5. pārthiva iha tattvena yathāvat śrotum icchāmi
hi idam yat duḥkham upalabhyate ajñānaprabhavam

5. O King, I wish to hear truly and precisely about these matters, because this suffering that is experienced is indeed born of ignorance.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in reality, essentially

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, accurately, as it is

• इह (iha) - here, in this matter

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King (referring to Bhishma) (O king, O ruler of the earth)

• अज्ञानप्रभवम् (ajñānaprabhavam) - born of ignorance, originating from ignorance

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• इदम् (idam) - this

• यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain

• उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is experienced

Words meanings and morphology

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

(verb)

infinitive of śrotum

infinitive

Infinitive of purpose from root śru (to hear)

Root: √śru (class 5)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of √iṣ

Root: √iṣ (class 6)

तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in reality, essentially

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, essence, principle, nature

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, accurately, as it is

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King (referring to Bhishma) (O king, O ruler of the earth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, a king, ruler

अज्ञानप्रभवम् (ajñānaprabhavam) - born of ignorance, originating from ignorance

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñānaprabhava

ajñānaprabhava - originating from ignorance, born of ignorance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ajñāna+prabhava)

• ajñāna – ignorance, nescience
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: a
  Root: √jñā (class 9)
• prabhava – origin, source, born from
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with duḥkham

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, suffering, sorrow, misery, distress

उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is experienced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of upalabh

Prefix: upa

Root: √labh (class 1)