महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-143, verse-3

स विनिन्दन्नथात्मानं पुनः पुनरुवाच ह ।
धिङ्मामस्तु सुदुर्बुद्धिं सदा निकृतिनिश्चयम् ।
शुभं कर्म परित्यज्य योऽहं शकुनिलुब्धकः ॥३॥

3. sa vinindannathātmānaṁ punaḥ punaruvāca ha ,
dhiṅmāmastu sudurbuddhiṁ sadā nikṛtiniścayam ,
śubhaṁ karma parityajya yo'haṁ śakunilubdhakaḥ.

3. saḥ vinindan atha ātmānam punaḥ punaḥ
uvāca ha | dhik mām astu sudurbuddhim
sadā nikṛtiniścayam | śubham karma
parityajya yaḥ aham śakunilubdhakaḥ

3. saḥ atha ātmānam punaḥ punaḥ vinindan
ha uvāca sadā nikṛtiniścayam sudurbuddhim
mām dhik astu yaḥ aham śakunilubdhakaḥ
(saḥ) śubham karma parityajya

3. He, then condemning himself again and again, said: "Shame on me, the utterly foolish one, always resolved on villainy! I, who am a bird-fowler, have abandoned good (karma) deeds."

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• विनिन्दन् (vinindan) - condemning, reproaching

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (self, soul, himself)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, verily (emphasizing particle)

• धिक् (dhik) - shame on, woe to, fie

• माम् (mām) - me

• अस्तु (astu) - (shame) be (on me) (let it be, may it be)

• सुदुर्बुद्धिम् (sudurbuddhim) - of very evil intellect, extremely foolish

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• निकृतिनिश्चयम् (nikṛtiniścayam) - resolved on villainy, determined to deceive

• शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, good, virtuous

• कर्म (karma) - good deeds (action, deed, ritual action (karma))

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having given up

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अहम् (aham) - I

• शकुनिलुब्धकः (śakunilubdhakaḥ) - bird-fowler

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine form of 'tad', referring to the fowler.

विनिन्दन् (vinindan) - condemning, reproaching

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinindat

vinindat - condemning, reproaching, blaming

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'nid' (to blame) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: nid (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing the subject 'saḥ'.

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (self, soul, himself)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul (ātman)

Note: Object of 'vinindan'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition of 'punaḥ' means 'again and again'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition of 'punaḥ' means 'again and again'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd conjugation), Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, verily (emphasizing particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used with 'uvāca' to mark direct speech or narrative.

धिक् (dhik) - shame on, woe to, fie

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of 'dhik'.

अस्तु (astu) - (shame) be (on me) (let it be, may it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Imperative Active

Root 'as' (2nd conjugation), Imperative mood, 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

सुदुर्बुद्धिम् (sudurbuddhim) - of very evil intellect, extremely foolish

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudurbuddhi

sudurbuddhi - having a very evil intellect, extremely foolish

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+dur+buddhi)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Intensive prefix
• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, wisdom
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

निकृतिनिश्चयम् (nikṛtiniścayam) - resolved on villainy, determined to deceive

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nikṛtiniścaya

nikṛtiniścaya - one whose resolve is treachery/deceit; determined on villainy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nikṛti+niścaya)

• nikṛti – treachery, deceit, fraud, villainy
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from 'kṛt' (to cut, divide) with 'ni' (down) prefix, indicating cutting down/destroying morality.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• niścaya – firm resolve, certainty, determination
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ci' (to gather) with prefix 'nis' (out, completely)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.

शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, good, virtuous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, virtuous, beautiful

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - good deeds (action, deed, ritual action (karma))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate (karma)

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'parityajya'.

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form of root 'tyaj' (to abandon) with prefixes 'pari' and 'a'

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Formed with 'pari-tyaj' + 'lyap'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Co-refers with 'yaḥ'.

शकुनिलुब्धकः (śakunilubdhakaḥ) - bird-fowler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakunilubdhaka

śakunilubdhaka - bird-fowler, one who hunts birds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śakuni+lubdhaka)

• śakuni – bird
  noun (masculine)
• lubdhaka – fowler, hunter
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'lubh' (to covet, desire)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'aham'.