महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-127, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
नामृतस्येव पर्याप्तिर्ममास्ति ब्रुवति त्वयि ।
तस्मात्कथय भूयस्त्वं धर्ममेव पितामह ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
nāmṛtasyeva paryāptirmamāsti bruvati tvayi ,
tasmātkathaya bhūyastvaṁ dharmameva pitāmaha.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca na amṛtasya iva paryāptiḥ mama asti
bruvati tvayi tasmāt kathaya bhūyaḥ tvam dharmam eva pitāmaha

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca tvayi bruvati mama paryāptiḥ amṛtasya
iva na asti tasmāt pitāmaha tvam bhūyaḥ dharmam eva kathaya

1. Yudhishthira said: As you speak, my satisfaction is never enough, as if it were nectar. Therefore, O grandfather, please speak further about the natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pandavas, the speaker (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• न (na) - not

• अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of nectar, of immortality

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पर्याप्तिः (paryāptiḥ) - satisfaction, completeness, sufficiency

• मम (mama) - Referring to Yudhishthira's feelings (my, of me)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• ब्रुवति (bruvati) - while speaking, in speaking

• त्वयि (tvayi) - In a locative absolute construction: 'while you (Bhishma) are speaking' (in you, with you, while you)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• कथय (kathaya) - tell, narrate, speak

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - (the) natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressed to Bhishma (O grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pandavas, the speaker (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, Yudhishthira

yudhi (in battle, loc.) + sthira (firm)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active indicative

3rd person singular, perfect active indicative

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of nectar, of immortality

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortal, nectar, ambrosia, salvation

Past Passive Participle

a (negation) + mṛta (dead); hence, not dead, immortal.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

पर्याप्तिः (paryāptiḥ) - satisfaction, completeness, sufficiency

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paryāpti

paryāpti - completeness, sufficiency, acquisition, satisfaction

from pari + āp (to obtain, reach)

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

मम (mama) - Referring to Yudhishthira's feelings (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present active indicative

3rd person singular, present active indicative

Root: as (class 2)

ब्रुवति (bruvati) - while speaking, in speaking

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of brū

brū - to speak, to say, to declare

present active participle

locative singular, masculine/neuter of present participle bruvat

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Often used with tvayi in a locative absolute construction.

त्वयि (tvayi) - In a locative absolute construction: 'while you (Bhishma) are speaking' (in you, with you, while you)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural and singular)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with bruvati.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative singular of tad

Note: Though morphologically an ablative, functions as an indeclinable conjunction here.

कथय (kathaya) - tell, narrate, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kath

imperative active

2nd person singular, imperative active (from causal stem kathaya)

Root: kath (class 10)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

comparative suffix (-īyas) from bhūri (much)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural and singular)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - (the) natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law (dharma), constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, established order

from root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressed to Bhishma (O grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, creator (Brahma)

pitṛ (father) + maha (great/venerable)