महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-114, verse-7

ततः प्राह नदी गङ्गा वाक्यमुत्तरमर्थवत् ।
हेतुमद्ग्राहकं चैव सागरं सरितां पतिम् ॥७॥

7. tataḥ prāha nadī gaṅgā vākyamuttaramarthavat ,
hetumadgrāhakaṁ caiva sāgaraṁ saritāṁ patim.

7. tataḥ prāha nadī gaṅgā vākyam uttaram arthavat
hetumat grāhakam ca eva sāgaram saritām patim

7. tataḥ nadī gaṅgā saritām patim sāgaram arthavat
hetumat grāhakam ca eva uttaram vākyam prāha

7. Thereupon, the river Ganga spoke a meaningful, rational, and convincing reply to the ocean, the lord of rivers.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - subsequently (then, thereupon, from that)

• प्राह (prāha) - replied, stated (said, spoke, declared)

• नदी (nadī) - the river (personified) (river)

• गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - The sacred river Ganga (Ganga (river))

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a verbal message, a reply (speech, statement, sentence)

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - a response (answer, reply, subsequent)

• अर्थवत् (arthavat) - pertinent, full of meaning (meaningful, significant, having wealth)

• हेतुमत् (hetumat) - well-reasoned, principled (rational, logical, with reasons)

• ग्राहकम् (grāhakam) - persuasive, easy to grasp (convincing, apprehending, seizing)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphatically (indeed, certainly)

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - to the great ocean (to the ocean)

• सरिताम् (saritām) - pertaining to rivers (of rivers)

• पतिम् (patim) - sovereign, chief (of rivers) (lord, master, husband)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - subsequently (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'tad' with the suffix -tas.

Note: Indicates sequence of events.

प्राह (prāha) - replied, stated (said, spoke, declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-ah

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Irregular perfect of root ah, preceded by pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

नदी (nadī) - the river (personified) (river)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

Feminine noun.

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'prāha'.

गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - The sacred river Ganga (Ganga (river))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - The river Ganga (Ganges)

Feminine proper noun.

Root: gam

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a verbal message, a reply (speech, statement, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, statement, sentence, utterance

Neuter nominative/accusative singular. From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'prāha'.

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - a response (answer, reply, subsequent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - northern, higher, later, subsequent, answer, reply

Neuter nominative/accusative singular. Can be used as a noun.

Root: tṛ

Note: Modifies 'vākyam'.

अर्थवत् (arthavat) - pertinent, full of meaning (meaningful, significant, having wealth)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arthavat

arthavat - meaningful, significant, substantial, rich, having purpose

Possessive adjective formed from 'artha' (meaning, purpose) with the suffix -vat. Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Modifies 'vākyam'.

हेतुमत् (hetumat) - well-reasoned, principled (rational, logical, with reasons)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hetumat

hetumat - rational, logical, with reasons, having cause

Possessive adjective formed from 'hetu' (reason, cause) with the suffix -mat. Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Modifies 'vākyam'.

ग्राहकम् (grāhakam) - persuasive, easy to grasp (convincing, apprehending, seizing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of grāhaka

grāhaka - seizing, apprehending, convincing, causing to take

Agent Noun / Agentive adjective

From root grah (to seize, take) + ṇvul/aka suffix. Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'vākyam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'grāhakam' to the preceding adjectives.

एव (eva) - indeed, emphatically (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes the qualities of the reply.

सागरम् (sāgaram) - to the great ocean (to the ocean)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Masculine accusative singular.

Note: Recipient of the speech.

सरिताम् (saritām) - pertaining to rivers (of rivers)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sarit

sarit - river, stream

Feminine genitive plural.

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'patim'.

पतिम् (patim) - sovereign, chief (of rivers) (lord, master, husband)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Masculine accusative singular.

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Apposition to 'sāgaram'.