महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-114, verse-4

समूलशाखान्पश्यामि निहतांश्छायिनो द्रुमान् ।
युष्माभिरिह पूर्णाभिरन्यांस्तत्र न वेतसम् ॥४॥

4. samūlaśākhānpaśyāmi nihatāṁśchāyino drumān ,
yuṣmābhiriha pūrṇābhiranyāṁstatra na vetasam.

4. samūlaśākhān paśyāmi nihatān chāyinaḥ drumān
yuṣmābhiḥ iha pūrṇābhiḥ anyān tatra na vetasam

4. iha yuṣmābhiḥ pūrṇābhiḥ samūlaśākhān chāyinaḥ
drumān nihatān paśyāmi tatra vetasam na

4. Here, I see the great, shady trees, with their roots and branches, struck down by your full (waters). But the reed there is not [struck down].

Words meanings summery:

• समूलशाखान् (samūlaśākhān) - pertaining to trees, possessing both roots and branches (with roots and branches, having roots and branches)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I observe (I see, I behold)

• निहतान् (nihatān) - felled, brought down (struck down, killed, destroyed)

• छायिनः (chāyinaḥ) - full of shade, affording shelter (shady, providing shade)

• द्रुमान् (drumān) - large trees (trees)

• युष्माभिः (yuṣmābhiḥ) - by your (waters) (by you (plural))

• इह (iha) - in this place (here, in this world)

• पूर्णाभिः (pūrṇābhiḥ) - in your full state, when you are overflowing (full, complete, overflowing)

• अन्यान् (anyān) - these other (trees) (other, different)

• तत्र (tatra) - at that spot (where the reed is) (there, in that place)

• न (na) - not (struck down) (not, no)

• वेतसम् (vetasam) - the flexible reed plant (reed, cane)

Words meanings and morphology

समूलशाखान् (samūlaśākhān) - pertaining to trees, possessing both roots and branches (with roots and branches, having roots and branches)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samūlaśākha

samūlaśākha - having roots and branches

Compound formed from 'sa' (with), 'mūla' (root), and 'śākha' (branch).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+mūla+śākha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• mūla – root, origin, base
  noun (neuter)
• śākha – branch, bough
  noun (masculine)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I observe (I see, I behold)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present indicative, active voice, 1st person singular of the root dṛś (paśya stem).

Class 4 verb, present stem formation.

Root: dṛś (class 4)

निहतान् (nihatān) - felled, brought down (struck down, killed, destroyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed, felled

Past Passive Participle

From ni-han (to strike down, kill) + kta (suffix for PPP).

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

छायिनः (chāyinaḥ) - full of shade, affording shelter (shady, providing shade)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of chāyin

chāyin - shady, providing shade, having shade

Formed from chāyā (shade) with the suffix -in.

Note: Agrees with drumān.

द्रुमान् (drumān) - large trees (trees)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

Root: dru

Note: Object of 'paśyāmi'.

युष्माभिः (yuṣmābhiḥ) - by your (waters) (by you (plural))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Agent of the action 'nihatān'.

इह (iha) - in this place (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

पूर्णाभिः (pūrṇābhiḥ) - in your full state, when you are overflowing (full, complete, overflowing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - full, complete, abundant, overflowed

Past Passive Participle

From root pṛ (to fill) + kta.

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'yuṣmābhiḥ' and implies the state of the waters.

अन्यान् (anyān) - these other (trees) (other, different)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Indefinite pronoun.

Note: Modifies or refers to 'drumān'.

तत्र (tatra) - at that spot (where the reed is) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

Note: Contrasts with 'iha'.

न (na) - not (struck down) (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

वेतसम् (vetasam) - the flexible reed plant (reed, cane)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vetasa

vetasa - a reed, cane, ratan

Root: vit

Note: Object of an implied verb (e.g., 'struck down').