महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-114, verse-11

मारुतोदकवेगेन ये नमन्त्युन्नमन्ति च ।
ओषध्यः पादपा गुल्मा न ते यान्ति पराभवम् ॥११॥

11. mārutodakavegena ye namantyunnamanti ca ,
oṣadhyaḥ pādapā gulmā na te yānti parābhavam.

11. mārutodakavegena ye namanti unnamanti ca
oṣadhyaḥ pādapāḥ gulmāḥ na te yānti parābhavam

11. ye oṣadhyaḥ pādapāḥ gulmāḥ mārutodakavegena
namanti ca unnamanti ca te na parābhavam yānti

11. Those plants (oṣadhi), trees (pādapa), and shrubs (gulma) which bend and then rise again with the force of wind and water, they do not suffer defeat.

Words meanings summery:

• मारुतोदकवेगेन (mārutodakavegena) - by the force of wind and water

• ये (ye) - those which (those who, which (relative pronoun))

• नमन्ति (namanti) - they bend (they bend, they bow)

• उन्नमन्ति (unnamanti) - they rise up again (they rise up, they straighten, they swell)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ओषध्यः (oṣadhyaḥ) - herbs/plants (herbs, medicinal plants, annual plants)

• पादपाः (pādapāḥ) - trees (trees, plants)

• गुल्माः (gulmāḥ) - shrubs (shrubs, bushes, thickets)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ते (te) - they (the plants, trees, and shrubs) (they (masculine/plural))

• यान्ति (yānti) - they suffer (defeat) (they go, they move, they attain, they suffer)

• पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat (defeat, destruction, humiliation, overthrow)

Words meanings and morphology

मारुतोदकवेगेन (mārutodakavegena) - by the force of wind and water

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārutodakavega

mārutodakavega - force of wind and water

Tatpuruṣa compound: mārutodaka (wind and water) + vega (force)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mārutodaka+vega)

• mārutodaka – wind and water
  noun (neuter)
  Dvandva compound: maruta (wind) + udaka (water)
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impulse, current
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vij (to move rapidly)
  Root: vij (class 6)

ये (ye) - those which (those who, which (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

नमन्ति (namanti) - they bend (they bend, they bow)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of nam

Present active indicative

3rd person plural present active indicative of root nam (Pāṇinian class 1)

Root: nam (class 1)

उन्नमन्ति (unnamanti) - they rise up again (they rise up, they straighten, they swell)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of ud-nam

Present active indicative

3rd person plural present active indicative of root nam with upasarga ud

Prefix: ud

Root: nam (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ओषध्यः (oṣadhyaḥ) - herbs/plants (herbs, medicinal plants, annual plants)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of oṣadhi

oṣadhi - herb, plant, medicinal plant, annual plant

पादपाः (pādapāḥ) - trees (trees, plants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (lit. 'foot-drinker')

Compound: pāda (foot) + pa (drinker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun suffix
  Derived from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

गुल्माः (gulmāḥ) - shrubs (shrubs, bushes, thickets)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gulma

gulma - shrub, bush, thicket, cluster of trees

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'yānti'.

ते (te) - they (the plants, trees, and shrubs) (they (masculine/plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Refers to 'oṣadhyaḥ pādapāḥ gulmāḥ'.

यान्ति (yānti) - they suffer (defeat) (they go, they move, they attain, they suffer)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of yā

Present active indicative

3rd person plural present active indicative of root yā (Pāṇinian class 2)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Used with 'parābhavam' to mean 'to suffer defeat'.

पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat (defeat, destruction, humiliation, overthrow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parābhava

parābhava - defeat, overthrow, humiliation, destruction

Derived from root bhū with upasarga parā

Prefix: parā

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb 'yānti'.