महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-114, verse-13

सारासारं बलं वीर्यमात्मनो द्विषतश्च यः ।
जानन्विचरति प्राज्ञो न स याति पराभवम् ॥१३॥

13. sārāsāraṁ balaṁ vīryamātmano dviṣataśca yaḥ ,
jānanvicarati prājño na sa yāti parābhavam.

13. sārāsāram balam vīryam ātmanaḥ dviṣataḥ ca yáḥ
jānan vicarati prājñaḥ ná sa yāti parābhavam

13. yáḥ prājñaḥ ātmanaḥ ca dviṣataḥ sārāsāram balam vīryam jānan vicarati,
saḥ parābhavam ná yāti

13. That wise person who, discerning the true and superficial strength and vigor of both himself and his enemy, acts accordingly, he does not meet with defeat.

Words meanings summery:

• सारासारम् (sārāsāram) - the essential and non-essential (aspects of strength) (essential and non-essential, true and false, strong and weak)

• बलम् (balam) - strength (strength, power, might, force)

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - vigor, prowess (vigor, prowess, energy, heroism)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself (of oneself, of the self)

• द्विषतः (dviṣataḥ) - of the enemy (of an enemy, of a hater)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• य्áः (yáḥ) - who (relative pronoun) (who, whoever, which)

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, discerning (knowing, perceiving)

• विचरति (vicarati) - acts, conducts himself (moves about, acts, conducts oneself, deliberates)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, discerning, clever; a wise person)

• न्á (ná) - not (not, no)

• स (sa) - he (referring to the wise person) (he, that)

• याति (yāti) - goes, meets with (goes, reaches, attains)

• पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat (defeat, discomfiture, humiliation)

Words meanings and morphology

सारासारम् (sārāsāram) - the essential and non-essential (aspects of strength) (essential and non-essential, true and false, strong and weak)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sārāsāra

sārāsāra - essential and non-essential, true and false, good and bad, strong and weak

Compound type : dvandva (sāra+asāra)

• sāra – essence, essential part, strength, vigor, best part
  noun (masculine)
• asāra – non-essential, worthless, weak, false
  adjective (masculine)
  negative particle a- + sāra
  Prefix: a

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'balam' and 'vīryam'.

बलम् (balam) - strength (strength, power, might, force)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, might, army

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - vigor, prowess (vigor, prowess, energy, heroism)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - vigor, energy, prowess, heroism, power, strength

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself (of oneself, of the self)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, individual soul, supreme soul, mind

Note: Refers to the wise person himself.

द्विषतः (dviṣataḥ) - of the enemy (of an enemy, of a hater)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dviṣat

dviṣat - hating, hostile; an enemy, hater

Present Active Participle

from dviṣ (to hate)

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

य्áः (yáḥ) - who (relative pronoun) (who, whoever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yá

yá - who, which, what, whoever

Note: Refers to the 'prājñaḥ'.

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, discerning (knowing, perceiving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, understanding, perceiving

Present Active Participle

from jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'yáḥ' and 'prājñaḥ'.

विचरति (vicarati) - acts, conducts himself (moves about, acts, conducts oneself, deliberates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vicar

Present tense, Parasmaipada

from vi- + car (to move)

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, discerning, clever; a wise person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, knowing, clever, intelligent; a wise man

from pra- + jñā (to know)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

न्á (ná) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he (referring to the wise person) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to 'yaḥ'.

याति (yāti) - goes, meets with (goes, reaches, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present tense, Parasmaipada

Root yā (class 2)

Root: yā (class 2)

पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat (defeat, discomfiture, humiliation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parābhava

parābhava - defeat, rout, humiliation, degradation, contempt

from parā- + bhū (to be, become)

Prefix: parā

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'yāti'.