महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-153, verse-10

कथं द्रुपदपुत्रस्य धृष्टद्युम्नस्य पावकात् ।
वेदिमध्याच्च कृष्णायाः संभवः कथमद्भुतः ॥१०॥

10. kathaṁ drupadaputrasya dhṛṣṭadyumnasya pāvakāt ,
vedimadhyācca kṛṣṇāyāḥ saṁbhavaḥ kathamadbhutaḥ.

10. katham drupadaputrasya dhṛṣṭadyumnasya pāvakāt
vedimadhyāt ca kṛṣṇāyāḥ saṃbhavaḥ katham adbhutaḥ

10. How did Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Drupada's son, originate from the fire, and how was Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)'s astonishing origin from the middle of the altar?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how?, why?, in what manner?

• द्रुपदपुत्रस्य (drupadaputrasya) - of Drupada's son (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (of Drupada's son)

• धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• पावकात् (pāvakāt) - from the fire

• वेदिमध्यात् (vedimadhyāt) - from the middle of the altar

• च (ca) - and, also

• कृष्णायाः (kṛṣṇāyāḥ) - of Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

• संभवः (saṁbhavaḥ) - birth, origin, production

• कथम् (katham) - how?, why?, in what manner?

• अद्भुतः (adbhutaḥ) - wonderful, astonishing, marvelous

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how?, why?, in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

द्रुपदपुत्रस्य (drupadaputrasya) - of Drupada's son (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (of Drupada's son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of drupadaputra

drupadaputra - son of Drupada

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'drupada' (Drupada) and 'putra' (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (drupada+putra)

• drupada – Drupada (king of Pañcāla)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: put

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of Drupada's son, Draupadī's brother)

पावकात् (pāvakāt) - from the fire

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, purifier, pure, shining

From root 'pū' (to purify) with suffix '-aka'. Often refers to sacrificial fire.

Root: pū (class 1)

वेदिमध्यात् (vedimadhyāt) - from the middle of the altar

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vedimadhya

vedimadhya - middle of the altar

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'vedi' (altar) and 'madhya' (middle).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vedi+madhya)

• vedi – altar, sacred ground, sacrificial bed
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vid (class 6)
• madhya – middle, center, midst
  noun (neuter)
  Root: madh

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कृष्णायाः (kṛṣṇāyāḥ) - of Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Kṛṣṇā (name of Draupadī, 'the dark one' or 'the dark-skinned')

Feminine form of 'kṛṣṇa'.

Root: kṛṣ (class 6)

संभवः (saṁbhavaḥ) - birth, origin, production

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhava

saṁbhava - birth, origin, source, production, possibility

From root 'bhū' (to be, to exist) with upasarga 'sam' (together, with, fully).

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how?, why?, in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

अद्भुतः (adbhutaḥ) - wonderful, astonishing, marvelous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, astonishing, marvelous, supernatural