दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-9, verse-4
हन्यमानं महासैन्यं विलोक्यामर्षमुद्वहन् ।
अभ्यधावन्निशुम्भोऽथ मुख्ययासुरसेनया ॥४॥
अभ्यधावन्निशुम्भोऽथ मुख्ययासुरसेनया ॥४॥
4. hanyamānaṃ mahāsainyaṃ vilokyāmarṣamudvahan .
abhyadhāvanniśumbho'tha mukhyayāsurasenayā.
abhyadhāvanniśumbho'tha mukhyayāsurasenayā.
4.
hanyamānam mahāsainyam vilokya amarṣam udvahan
abhyadhāvat niśumbhaḥ atha mukhyayā asurasenayā
abhyadhāvat niśumbhaḥ atha mukhyayā asurasenayā
4.
Then, seeing his great army being slaughtered, and bearing immense indignation, Niśumbha rushed forth with the main demon army.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हन्यमानम् (hanyamānam) - being slaughtered, being killed
- महासैन्यम् (mahāsainyam) - great army
- विलोक्य (vilokya) - having seen, perceiving, observing
- अमर्षम् (amarṣam) - indignation, intolerance, impatience
- उद्वहन् (udvahan) - bearing, carrying, experiencing
- अभ्यधावत् (abhyadhāvat) - rushed forth, attacked
- निशुम्भः (niśumbhaḥ) - Niśumbha (name of a demon)
- अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now
- मुख्यया (mukhyayā) - with the chief, with the principal
- असुरसेनया (asurasenayā) - with the demon army
Words meanings and morphology
हन्यमानम् (hanyamānam) - being slaughtered, being killed
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of hanyamāna
hanyamāna - being killed, being slain
Present Passive Participle
Derived from the passive stem of root han ('to strike, kill')
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Qualifies 'mahāsainyam'.
महासैन्यम् (mahāsainyam) - great army
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mahāsainya
mahāsainya - great army, large military force
Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+sainya)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective (feminine) - sainya – army, host, military
noun (neuter)
Derived from senā ('army')
Note: Object of 'vilokya'.
विलोक्य (vilokya) - having seen, perceiving, observing
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
Derived from the root lok with the prefix vi-
Prefix: vi
Root: lok (class 10)
अमर्षम् (amarṣam) - indignation, intolerance, impatience
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣa
amarṣa - indignation, impatience, intolerance, anger
Derived from the root mṛṣ ('to bear, endure') with the negative prefix a-
Prefix: a
Root: mṛṣ (class 6)
Note: Object of 'udvahan'.
उद्वहन् (udvahan) - bearing, carrying, experiencing
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of udvahat
udvahat - bearing, carrying, upholding, experiencing
Present Active Participle
Derived from the root vah with the prefix ud-
Prefix: ud
Root: vah (class 1)
अभ्यधावत् (abhyadhāvat) - rushed forth, attacked
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-dhāv
Imperfect active
3rd singular imperfect active form
Prefix: abhi
Root: dhāv (class 1)
निशुम्भः (niśumbhaḥ) - Niśumbha (name of a demon)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niśumbha
niśumbha - name of a prominent Asura (demon)
Note: Subject of 'abhyadhāvat'.
अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now
(indeclinable)
मुख्यया (mukhyayā) - with the chief, with the principal
(adjective)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of mukhyā
mukhyā - chief, principal, main, foremost
Note: Qualifies 'asurasenayā'.
असुरसेनया (asurasenayā) - with the demon army
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of asurasenā
asurasenā - demon army, army of Asuras
Compound type : tatpurusha (asura+senā)
- asura – demon, evil spirit
noun (masculine) - senā – army, host, troop
noun (feminine)
Note: Indicates the means or accompaniment of Niśumbha's action.