दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-7, verse-19
उत्थाय च महासिंहं देवी चण्डमधावत ।
गृहीत्वा चास्य केशेषु शिरस्तेनासिनाच्छिनत् ॥१९॥
गृहीत्वा चास्य केशेषु शिरस्तेनासिनाच्छिनत् ॥१९॥
19. utthāya ca mahāsiṃhaṃ devī caṇḍamadhāvata .
gṛhītvā cāsya keśeṣu śirastenāsinācchinat.
gṛhītvā cāsya keśeṣu śirastenāsinācchinat.
19.
utthāya ca mahāsiṃham devī caṇḍam adhāvata
gṛhītvā ca asya keśeṣu śiraḥ tena asinā acchinat
gṛhītvā ca asya keśeṣu śiraḥ tena asinā acchinat
19.
And rising, the Goddess rushed towards Chaṇḍa, who was like a mighty lion. Seizing him by his hair, she then cut off his head with that sword.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up
- च (ca) - and
- महासिंहम् (mahāsiṁham) - (Chaṇḍa, who was like) a mighty lion (great lion, mighty lion)
- देवी (devī) - the Goddess (referring to Kāli) (goddess)
- चण्डम् (caṇḍam) - the demon Chaṇḍa (Chaṇḍa)
- अधावत (adhāvata) - she rushed towards (rushed, ran towards)
- गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized, having taken
- च (ca) - and
- अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Chaṇḍa) (his, of this/him)
- केशेषु (keśeṣu) - by his hair (locative indicating 'by means of' or 'in respect of') (in/on the hairs)
- शिरः (śiraḥ) - head
- तेन (tena) - with that (sword) (with that (masculine/neuter singular))
- असिना (asinā) - with the sword
- अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - she cut off (cut off, split)
Words meanings and morphology
उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root sthā with prefix ud, suffix -ya (after vowel-ending prefix)
Prefix: ud
Root: sthā (class 1)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
महासिंहम् (mahāsiṁham) - (Chaṇḍa, who was like) a mighty lion (great lion, mighty lion)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāsiṃha
mahāsiṁha - great lion
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+siṃha)
- mahā – great, mighty
adjective (feminine) - siṃha – lion
noun (masculine)
Note: Could also be an adjective here, referring to Chaṇḍa, but treated as a noun in apposition.
देवी (devī) - the Goddess (referring to Kāli) (goddess)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of devī
devī - goddess, queen
चण्डम् (caṇḍam) - the demon Chaṇḍa (Chaṇḍa)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of caṇḍa
caṇḍa - Chaṇḍa (name of a demon); fierce, violent, passionate
अधावत (adhāvata) - she rushed towards (rushed, ran towards)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv
Imperfect tense, from root dhāv, with augment 'a'
Root: dhāv (class 1)
Note: The initial 'a' is the augment for past tense.
गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized, having taken
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root grah, with suffix -ītvā
Root: grah (class 9)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Chaṇḍa) (his, of this/him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, him
Note: Also locative singular neuter, but contextually genitive masculine here.
केशेषु (keśeṣu) - by his hair (locative indicating 'by means of' or 'in respect of') (in/on the hairs)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of keśa
keśa - hair (of the head)
Note: Locative case used to express 'by' or 'at' a part of the body when seizing.
शिरः (śiraḥ) - head
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras
śiras - head, top, peak
Note: Also nominative singular neuter, but here accusative as object of 'cut off'.
तेन (tena) - with that (sword) (with that (masculine/neuter singular))
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Agrees with asinā.
असिना (asinā) - with the sword
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of asi
asi - sword, scimitar
अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - she cut off (cut off, split)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of chid
Imperfect tense, from root chid, with augment 'a'
Root: chid (class 7)
Note: The initial 'a' is the augment for past tense.