योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-9, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
इति चिन्तयतस्तस्य शुक्रस्य पितुरग्रतः ।
जगामातितरां कालो बहुसंवत्सरात्मकः ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
iti cintayatastasya śukrasya pituragrataḥ ,
jagāmātitarāṃ kālo bahusaṃvatsarātmakaḥ 1

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca iti cintayataḥ tasya śukrasya pituḥ
agrataḥ jagāma atitaraṃ kālaḥ bahusaṃvatsarātmakaḥ

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca iti pituḥ agrataḥ tasya śukrasya cintayataḥ bahusaṃvatsarātmakaḥ kālaḥ atitaraṃ jagāma.

1. Shri Vasishtha said: As Shukra continued to ponder in his father's presence, a very long time, spanning many years, passed by.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The sage Vasishtha, narrator of the Yoga Vasishtha. (Shri Vasishtha (a revered sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Stated, as part of the narration. (said, spoke)

• इति (iti) - Referring to the preceding contemplation. (thus, so, in this manner)

• चिन्तयतः (cintayataḥ) - While Shukra was contemplating. (of one contemplating, while contemplating)

• तस्य (tasya) - Of Shukra. (of him, his)

• शुक्रस्य (śukrasya) - Of the sage Shukra, son of Bhrigu. (of Shukra)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - Of Shukra's father, Bhrigu. (of the father, from the father)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - In the presence of his father. (in front, before)

• जगाम (jagāma) - The time passed. (went, passed)

• अतितरं (atitaraṁ) - Indicating a very long duration. (excessively, greatly, very much)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - The duration of time that passed. (time, period)

• बहुसंवत्सरात्मकः (bahusaṁvatsarātmakaḥ) - Describing the nature of the long time that passed. (consisting of many years)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The sage Vasishtha, narrator of the Yoga Vasishtha. (Shri Vasishtha (a revered sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - The revered sage Vasishtha.

उवाच (uvāca) - Stated, as part of the narration. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense (lit)

root vac, perfect 3rd singular active. Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - Referring to the preceding contemplation. (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

चिन्तयतः (cintayataḥ) - While Shukra was contemplating. (of one contemplating, while contemplating)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - contemplating, thinking

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'cit' (to perceive, to think) with causative suffix -aya and present participle suffix -at.

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'tasya śukrasya'.

तस्य (tasya) - Of Shukra. (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Shukra.

शुक्रस्य (śukrasya) - Of the sage Shukra, son of Bhrigu. (of Shukra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śukra

śukra - bright, clear, white; the planet Venus; the name of a sage, preceptor of the Daityas.

Root: śuc

Note: Possessive case, indicating 'of Shukra'.

पितुः (pituḥ) - Of Shukra's father, Bhrigu. (of the father, from the father)

(noun)

masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Here, genitive case, meaning 'of the father'.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - In the presence of his father. (in front, before)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs pituḥ in the genitive.

जगाम (jagāma) - The time passed. (went, passed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

perfect tense (lit)

root gam, perfect 3rd singular active.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate verb for kālaḥ.

अतितरं (atitaraṁ) - Indicating a very long duration. (excessively, greatly, very much)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form, comparative degree of 'ati' (excessive), ending in anusvara.

Note: Modifies 'jagāma'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - The duration of time that passed. (time, period)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, black, death

Note: Subject of 'jagāma'.

बहुसंवत्सरात्मकः (bahusaṁvatsarātmakaḥ) - Describing the nature of the long time that passed. (consisting of many years)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahusaṃvatsarātmaka

bahusaṁvatsarātmaka - consisting of many years, having the nature of many years

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+saṃvatsara+ātmaka)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• saṃvatsara – year
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'ātman' with suffix -ka.

Note: Qualifies 'kālaḥ'.