वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-3, verse-24

रक्षसां गतसत्त्वानामेष धर्मः सनातनः ।
अवटे ये निधीयन्ते तेषां लोकाः सनातनाः ॥२४॥

24. rakṣasāṃ gatasattvānāmeṣa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ,
avaṭe ye nidhīyante teṣāṃ lokāḥ sanātanāḥ.

24. rakṣasām gatasattvānām eṣaḥ dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ
| avaṭe ye nidhīyante teṣām lokāḥ sanātanāḥ

24. gatasattvānām rakṣasām eṣaḥ sanātanaḥ dharmaḥ
ye avaṭe nidhīyante teṣām sanātanāḥ lokāḥ

24. This is the eternal natural law (dharma) for Rākṣasas whose life-force has departed. For those who are deposited in a pit, eternal realms (lokas) are granted to them.

Words meanings summery:

• रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - for Rākṣasas (of Rākṣasas, for Rākṣasas)

• गतसत्त्वानाम् (gatasattvānām) - of Rākṣasas whose life-force has departed (of those whose life-force has departed, of the lifeless)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the dharma being spoken of) (this)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution)

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal (dharma) (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

• अवटे (avaṭe) - in a pit (in a pit, in a hole)

• ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

• निधीयन्ते (nidhīyante) - they are deposited (they are placed, they are deposited)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (the Rākṣasas placed in a pit) (of them, for them)

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - eternal realms (lokas) (worlds, realms)

• सनातनाः (sanātanāḥ) - eternal (realms) (eternal, perpetual)

Words meanings and morphology

रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - for Rākṣasas (of Rākṣasas, for Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - Rākṣasa (a type of demon or ogre), protecting

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Denotes possession or for whom something is applicable.

गतसत्त्वानाम् (gatasattvānām) - of Rākṣasas whose life-force has departed (of those whose life-force has departed, of the lifeless)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gatasattva

gatasattva - one whose life-force has departed, lifeless, deceased

Compound of `gata` (departed) and `sattva` (being, essence, life-force).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+sattva)

• gata – gone, departed, deceased
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `gam` (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sattva – being, existence, reality, life-force, goodness
  noun (neuter)
  From root `as` (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `rakṣasām`.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the dharma being spoken of) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he

Note: Subject of the implied 'is'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion, constitution, intrinsic nature

From root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal (dharma) (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, primeval

From `sanā` (always) + suffix `tana`.

Note: Agrees with `dharmaḥ`.

अवटे (avaṭe) - in a pit (in a pit, in a hole)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of avaṭa

avaṭa - pit, hole, well, cave

Note: Denotes location for depositing.

ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of `nidhīyante`.

निधीयन्ते (nidhīyante) - they are deposited (they are placed, they are deposited)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dhā

Present Passive

Root `dhā` (to place) with prefix `ni`, passive form.

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (the Rākṣasas placed in a pit) (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, them

Correlative pronoun for `ye`.

Note: Indicates possession or beneficiaries.

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - eternal realms (lokas) (worlds, realms)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, space

From root `lok` (to see).

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Subject of the implied 'are'.

सनातनाः (sanātanāḥ) - eternal (realms) (eternal, perpetual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, primeval

From `sanā` (always) + suffix `tana`.

Note: Agrees with `lokāḥ`.

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