वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-3, verse-26

तं मुक्तकण्ठमुत्क्षिप्य शङ्कुकर्णं महास्वनम् ।
विराधं प्राक्षिपच्छ्वभ्रे नदन्तं भैरवस्वनम् ॥२६॥

26. taṃ muktakaṇṭhamutkṣipya śaṅkukarṇaṃ mahāsvanam ,
virādhaṃ prākṣipacchvabhre nadantaṃ bhairavasvanam.

26. tam muktakaṇṭham utkṣipya śaṅkukarṇam mahāsvanam |
virādham prākṣipat śvabhre nadantam bhairavasvanam

26. utkṣipya tam śaṅkukarṇam virādham muktakaṇṭham mahāsvanam
(ca) nadantam bhairavasvanam (ca) śvabhre prākṣipat

26. Lifting up that Viradha, who had pointed ears and was shouting with a great roar, they cast him into a pit while he was still emitting a terrifying sound.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Viradha) (him, that)

• मुक्तकण्ठम् (muktakaṇṭham) - shouting freely/loudly (with an open throat, shouting freely, unrestrained voice)

• उत्क्षिप्य (utkṣipya) - having lifted him up (having lifted up, having thrown up)

• शङ्कुकर्णम् (śaṅkukarṇam) - with pointed ears (an attribute of Viradha) (having pointed ears, cone-eared)

• महास्वनम् (mahāsvanam) - with a great sound (as he was roaring) (with a great sound/roar)

• विराधम् (virādham) - Viradha

• प्राक्षिपत् (prākṣipat) - Rama and Lakshmana threw (him) down (threw down, cast down)

• श्वभ्रे (śvabhre) - into a pit (dug for him) (into a pit, chasm)

• नदन्तम् (nadantam) - roaring (at that time) (roaring, shouting)

• भैरवस्वनम् (bhairavasvanam) - with a terrifying sound (with a terrible sound/roar)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Viradha) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine singular accusative of tad

मुक्तकण्ठम् (muktakaṇṭham) - shouting freely/loudly (with an open throat, shouting freely, unrestrained voice)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muktakaṇṭha

muktakaṇṭha - having an open throat, shouting freely

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mukta+kaṇṭha)

• mukta – released, freed, open
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muc (to release)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• kaṇṭha – throat, neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound: mukta-kaṇṭha (bahuvrīhi)

उत्क्षिप्य (utkṣipya) - having lifted him up (having lifted up, having thrown up)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root kṣip (to throw) with prefix ut-

Prefix: ut

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form with prefix

शङ्कुकर्णम् (śaṅkukarṇam) - with pointed ears (an attribute of Viradha) (having pointed ears, cone-eared)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaṅkukarṇa

śaṅkukarṇa - having pointed or conical ears

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śaṅku+karṇa)

• śaṅku – stake, pin, cone
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound: śaṅku-karṇa (bahuvrīhi)

महास्वनम् (mahāsvanam) - with a great sound (as he was roaring) (with a great sound/roar)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāsvana

mahāsvana - having a great sound, loud-roaring

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+svana)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound: mahā-svana (bahuvrīhi)

विराधम् (virādham) - Viradha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of virādha

virādha - Viradha (name of a Rākṣasa)

प्राक्षिपत् (prākṣipat) - Rama and Lakshmana threw (him) down (threw down, cast down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of kṣip

Imperfect Active

Root kṣip, class 6, Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: The dual subject (Rama and Lakshmana from previous verses/context) usually takes a singular verb in narrative if they act together.

श्वभ्रे (śvabhre) - into a pit (dug for him) (into a pit, chasm)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śvabhra

śvabhra - pit, hole, chasm

Note: Locative of place into which motion occurs

नदन्तम् (nadantam) - roaring (at that time) (roaring, shouting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nadat

nadat - roaring, sounding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root nad (to roar, sound), Present Active Participle, masculine

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Present Active Participle agreeing with Viradha

भैरवस्वनम् (bhairavasvanam) - with a terrifying sound (with a terrible sound/roar)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhairavasvana

bhairavasvana - having a terrible sound, terrifyingly loud

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhairava+svana)

• bhairava – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound: bhairava-svana (tatpuruṣa or karmadhāraya)

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