वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-3, verse-2

तमुवाच ततो रामो राक्षसं ज्वलिताननम् ।
पृच्छन्तं सुमहातेजा इक्ष्वाकुकुलमात्मनः ॥२॥

2. tamuvāca tato rāmo rākṣasaṃ jvalitānanam ,
pṛcchantaṃ sumahātejā ikṣvākukulamātmanaḥ.

2. tam uvāca tataḥ rāmaḥ rākṣasam jvalitānanam
pṛcchantam sumahātejāḥ ikṣvākukulam ātmanaḥ

2. Then the exceedingly glorious Rama spoke to that demon with the blazing face, who was asking about his (Rama's) own (ātman) Ikshvaku lineage.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (referring to Viradha) (him, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama (proper name))

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - to the demon (Viradha) (demon, rakshasa)

• ज्वलिताननम् (jvalitānanam) - with a blazing face (having a blazing face)

• पृच्छन्तम् (pṛcchantam) - who was asking (asking, questioning)

• सुमहातेजाः (sumahātejāḥ) - exceedingly glorious (exceedingly glorious, very powerful)

• इक्ष्वाकुकुलम् (ikṣvākukulam) - the Ikshvaku lineage (the Ikshvaku family/dynasty)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - his own (ātman) (of the self, own)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (referring to Viradha) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

demonstrative pronoun, masculine, singular, accusative

Note: refers to the rākṣasa

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac, 3rd person singular, Perfect tense, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: irregular perfect form of vac

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there)

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a legendary king)

Note: subject of uvāca

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - to the demon (Viradha) (demon, rakshasa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit, monster

Note: object of uvāca, also agrees with tam, jvalitānanam, pṛcchantam

ज्वलिताननम् (jvalitānanam) - with a blazing face (having a blazing face)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jvalitānana

jvalitānana - having a blazing face

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jvalita+ānana)

• jvalita – blazed, inflamed, shining
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root jval (to blaze)
  Root: jval (class 1)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: describes rākṣasam

पृच्छन्तम् (pṛcchantam) - who was asking (asking, questioning)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pṛcchat

pṛcchat - asking, questioning

Present Active Participle

root prach (to ask), present active participle, masculine, singular, accusative

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: describes rākṣasam

सुमहातेजाः (sumahātejāḥ) - exceedingly glorious (exceedingly glorious, very powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahātejas

sumahātejas - of great splendor, very glorious, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+tejas)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
  prefix intensifying the meaning
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• tejas – splendor, glory, energy, power, light
  noun (neuter)

Note: describes rāmaḥ

इक्ष्वाकुकुलम् (ikṣvākukulam) - the Ikshvaku lineage (the Ikshvaku family/dynasty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ikṣvākukula

ikṣvākukula - the family or race of Ikshvaku

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ikṣvāku+kula)

• ikṣvāku – Ikshvaku (name of an ancient king, founder of the solar dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race, house
  noun (neuter)

Note: object of pṛcchantam

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - his own (ātman) (of the self, own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: refers to Rama's own family (Ikshvaku lineage)

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