वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-59, verse-1

अथ रात्र्यां व्यतीतायां प्रातरेवापरे ऽहनि ।
बन्दिनः पर्युपातिष्ठंस्तत् पार्थिवनिवेशनम् ॥१॥

1. atha rātryāṃ vyatītāyāṃ prātarevāpare'hani ,
bandinaḥ paryupātiṣṭhaṃstat pārthivaniveśanam.

1. atha rātryām vyatītāyām prātaḥ eva apare ahani
bandinaḥ paryupātiṣṭhan tat pārthiva-niveśanam

1. atha rātryām vyatītāyām apare ahani prātaḥ eva
bandinaḥ tat pārthiva-niveśanam paryupātiṣṭhan

1. Then, after the night had passed, early on the following morning, the bards assembled at that royal palace.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• रात्र्याम् (rātryām) - in the night

• व्यतीतायाम् (vyatītāyām) - having passed, having elapsed, gone by

• प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, early morning

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अपरे (apare) - on the other, on the next

• अहनि (ahani) - on the day

• बन्दिनः (bandinaḥ) - bards, panegyrists, praisers

• पर्युपातिष्ठन् (paryupātiṣṭhan) - stood around, attended, waited upon

• तत् (tat) - that, there

• पार्थिव-निवेशनम् (pārthiva-niveśanam) - royal palace, king's dwelling

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a new topic or sequence of events.

रात्र्याम् (rātryām) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'vyatītāyām'.

व्यतीतायाम् (vyatītāyām) - having passed, having elapsed, gone by

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, gone by, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

From root i (to go) with prefixes vi and ati

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'rātryām'.

प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, early morning

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizing particle.

अपरे (apare) - on the other, on the next

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, next, posterior

Note: Agrees with 'ahani'.

अहनि (ahani) - on the day

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

बन्दिनः (bandinaḥ) - bards, panegyrists, praisers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bandin

bandin - bard, panegyrist, praiser

Note: Subject of 'paryupātiṣṭhan'.

पर्युपातिष्ठन् (paryupātiṣṭhan) - stood around, attended, waited upon

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paryupasthā

past imperfect active

From root sthā (to stand) with prefixes pari and upa

Prefixes: pari+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, there

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Agrees with pārthiva-niveśanam.

पार्थिव-निवेशनम् (pārthiva-niveśanam) - royal palace, king's dwelling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārthiva-niveśana

pārthiva-niveśana - royal residence, king's dwelling

Compound type : tatpurusha (pārthiva+niveśana)

• pārthiva – royal, earthly, king
  adjective (masculine)
  From pṛthivī (earth)
• niveśana – dwelling, residence, abode
  noun (neuter)
  From root viś (to enter) with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'paryupātiṣṭhan'.

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