वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-42, verse-2

स्वं स्वं निलयमागम्य पुत्रदारैः समावृताः ।
अश्रूणि मुमुचुः सर्वे बाष्पेण पिहिताननाः ॥२॥

2. svaṃ svaṃ nilayamāgamya putradāraiḥ samāvṛtāḥ ,
aśrūṇi mumucuḥ sarve bāṣpeṇa pihitānanāḥ.

2. svam svam nilayam āgamya putradāraiḥ samāvṛtāḥ
aśrūṇi mumucuḥ sarve bāṣpeṇa pihitānanāḥ

2. sarve svam svam nilayam āgamya putradāraiḥ
samāvṛtāḥ aśrūṇi mumucuḥ bāṣpeṇa pihitānanāḥ

2. Having returned to their own homes, all of them, surrounded by their sons and wives, shed tears, their faces covered with weeping.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वम् (svam) - their own, one's own

• स्वम् (svam) - their own, one's own

• निलयम् (nilayam) - to the abode, to the home

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having reached, having come to

• पुत्रदारैः (putradāraiḥ) - by sons and wives

• समावृताः (samāvṛtāḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

• अश्रूणि (aśrūṇi) - tears

• मुमुचुः (mumucuḥ) - they shed, they released, they discharged

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• बाष्पेण (bāṣpeṇa) - by weeping (by tears, by weeping, by vapor)

• पिहिताननाः (pihitānanāḥ) - having faces covered, with covered faces

Words meanings and morphology

स्वम् (svam) - their own, one's own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self

Note: Emphatic repetition (svam svam) to mean 'each his own'.

स्वम् (svam) - their own, one's own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self

Note: Emphatic repetition (svam svam) to mean 'each his own'.

निलयम् (nilayam) - to the abode, to the home

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nilaya

nilaya - abode, dwelling, home, nest

From root lī (to cling) with upasarga ni- and suffix -a.

Prefix: ni

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Object of `āgamya`.

आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having reached, having come to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root gam (to go) with upasarga ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

पुत्रदारैः (putradāraiḥ) - by sons and wives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putradāra

putradāra - sons and wives (collectively)

Dvanda compound of putra (son) and dāra (wife).

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dāra)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• dāra – wife (always masculine in this sense)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes the agent of "surrounded".

समावृताः (samāvṛtāḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāvṛta

samāvṛta - surrounded, covered, enveloped, filled with

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover) with upasargas sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies `sarve`.

अश्रूणि (aśrūṇi) - tears

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of aśru

aśru - tear

Note: Object of `mumucuḥ`.

मुमुचुः (mumucuḥ) - they shed, they released, they discharged

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (liṭ) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: reduplicated perfect.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Subject of `mumucuḥ`.

बाष्पेण (bāṣpeṇa) - by weeping (by tears, by weeping, by vapor)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāṣpa

bāṣpa - tears, weeping, vapor, steam

Note: Explains the means of covering the faces.

पिहिताननाः (pihitānanāḥ) - having faces covered, with covered faces

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pihitānana

pihitānana - having a covered face

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pihita+ānana)

• pihita – covered, concealed, hidden
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place) with upasarga api- (pi- is a contracted form).
  Prefix: api
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies `sarve`.

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