वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-42, verse-19

यया पुत्रश्च भर्ता च त्यक्तावैश्वर्यकारणात् ।
कं सा परिहरेदन्यं कैकेयी कुलपांसनी ॥१९॥

19. yayā putraśca bhartā ca tyaktāvaiśvaryakāraṇāt ,
kaṃ sā pariharedanyaṃ kaikeyī kulapāṃsanī.

19. yayā putraḥ ca bhartā ca tyaktau aiśvaryakāraṇāt
kam sā pariharet anyam kaikeyī kulapāṃsanī

19. yayā kulapāṃsanī kaikeyī aiśvaryakāraṇāt putraḥ ca bhartā ca tyaktau,
sā anyam kam pariharet

19. She who abandoned both her son and her husband for the sake of power, whom else would that Kaikeyi, the disgracer of her family, not abandon?

Words meanings summery:

• यया (yayā) - by Kaikeyi (by whom, with whom, through whom)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - her own son (Bharata) (son, child)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भर्ता (bhartā) - her husband (Dasharatha) (husband, maintainer, lord)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• त्यक्तौ (tyaktau) - son and husband abandoned (abandoned (two persons))

• ऐश्वर्यकारणात् (aiśvaryakāraṇāt) - for the sake of royal power (due to the reason of sovereignty/power)

• कम् (kam) - whom else (whom, what)

• सा (sā) - Kaikeyi (she)

• परिहरेत् (pariharet) - would not abandon (rhetorical question implies she would abandon anyone) (would abandon, should abandon, would avoid)

• अन्यम् (anyam) - anyone else (other, another)

• कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyi (Kaikeyi (name of a queen))

• कुलपांसनी (kulapāṁsanī) - Kaikeyi, who disgraces her family (disgracer of the family, one who stains the family)

Words meanings and morphology

यया (yayā) - by Kaikeyi (by whom, with whom, through whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - her own son (Bharata) (son, child)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भर्ता (bhartā) - her husband (Dasharatha) (husband, maintainer, lord)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, maintainer, lord

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

त्यक्तौ (tyaktau) - son and husband abandoned (abandoned (two persons))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tyakta

tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, relinquished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tyaj (to abandon) with suffix -kta

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective for 'putraḥ ca bhartā ca'.

ऐश्वर्यकारणात् (aiśvaryakāraṇāt) - for the sake of royal power (due to the reason of sovereignty/power)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of aiśvaryakāraṇa

aiśvaryakāraṇa - reason for sovereignty/power

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aiśvarya+kāraṇa)

• aiśvarya – sovereignty, dominion, power, prosperity
  noun (neuter)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Formed from 'aiśvarya' (power/sovereignty) and 'kāraṇa' (cause/reason).

कम् (kam) - whom else (whom, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

सा (sā) - Kaikeyi (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Refers to Kaikeyi.

परिहरेत् (pariharet) - would not abandon (rhetorical question implies she would abandon anyone) (would abandon, should abandon, would avoid)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of parihṛ

Prefix: pari

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Expresses potential or desire.

अन्यम् (anyam) - anyone else (other, another)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with 'kam'.

कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyi (Kaikeyi (name of a queen))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyi (daughter of the King of Kekaya)

Note: The subject of the rhetorical question.

कुलपांसनी (kulapāṁsanī) - Kaikeyi, who disgraces her family (disgracer of the family, one who stains the family)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kulapāṃsanī

kulapāṁsanī - disgracer of the family, one who soils the family

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+pāṃsanī)

• kula – family, lineage, clan
  noun (neuter)
• pāṃsanī – one who defiles/soils (feminine)
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root pāṃs (to soil)
  Root: pāṃs (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Kaikeyi.

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