वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-42, verse-18

कैकेय्या यदि चेद् राज्यं स्यादधर्म्यमनाथवत् ।
न हि नो जीवितेनार्थः कुतः पुत्रैः कुतो धनैः ॥१८॥

18. kaikeyyā yadi ced rājyaṃ syādadharmyamanāthavat ,
na hi no jīvitenārthaḥ kutaḥ putraiḥ kuto dhanaiḥ.

18. kaikeyyā yadi cet rājyam syāt adharmyam anāthavat na
hi naḥ jīvitena arthaḥ kutaḥ putraiḥ kutaḥ dhanaiḥ

18. yadi cet rājyam kaikeyyā syāt adharmyam anāthavat hi
naḥ jīvitena arthaḥ na kutaḥ putraiḥ kutaḥ dhanaiḥ

18. If the kingdom should fall to Kaikeyī, it would be unrighteous (adharmya) and like a state without a protector. For us, there is no purpose in life; how then can there be purpose with sons or with wealth?

Words meanings summery:

• कैकेय्या (kaikeyyā) - belonging to Kaikeyī (by Kaikeyī, of Kaikeyī)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• चेत् (cet) - if, whether

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, reign, sovereignty

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

• अधर्म्यम् (adharmyam) - unrighteous, unjust, against (dharma)

• अनाथवत् (anāthavat) - like a state without a protector (like an orphan, without a protector)

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• नः (naḥ) - to us, for us

• जीवितेन (jīvitena) - in life (by life, with life)

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose (purpose, meaning, wealth, object)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how then (implies 'no purpose') (from where, why, how then)

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by sons, with sons

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how then (implies 'no purpose') (from where, why, how then)

• धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - by wealth, with wealth

Words meanings and morphology

कैकेय्या (kaikeyyā) - belonging to Kaikeyī (by Kaikeyī, of Kaikeyī)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (mother of Bharata)

Note: Can be genitive or instrumental. Here, genitive is implied ('belonging to').

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

often used with yadi

Note: Often combined with yadi (yadi cet) to mean 'if indeed'.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, reign, sovereignty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, government

from rājan (king) + ya (suffix)

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mode

root as (class 2, parasm.)

Root: as (class 2)

अधर्म्यम् (adharmyam) - unrighteous, unjust, against (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adharmya

adharmya - unrighteous, unlawful, immoral, against natural law (dharma)

negated from dharmya (righteous)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharmya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• dharmya – righteous, lawful, just, in accordance with natural law (dharma)
  adjective (neuter)
  from dharma + ya (affix)

Note: Agrees with 'rājyam'.

अनाथवत् (anāthavat) - like a state without a protector (like an orphan, without a protector)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anāthavat

anāthavat - like an orphan, without a protector/master, destitute

from anātha + vat (suffix of similarity)

Note: Agrees with 'rājyam'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - to us, for us

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form of dative plural

जीवितेन (jīvitena) - in life (by life, with life)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, livelihood

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

from root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose (purpose, meaning, wealth, object)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, aim, object, wealth, matter

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how then (implies 'no purpose') (from where, why, how then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used rhetorically to imply impossibility or non-existence.

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by sons, with sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how then (implies 'no purpose') (from where, why, how then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used rhetorically to imply impossibility or non-existence.

धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - by wealth, with wealth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, money, property

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