वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-16, verse-13

शिलाप्रहरणाः सर्वे सर्वे पादपयोधिनः ।
नखदंष्ट्रायुधाः सर्वे सर्वे सर्वास्त्रकोविदाः ॥१३॥

13. śilāpraharaṇāḥ sarve sarve pādapayodhinaḥ ,
nakhadaṃṣṭrāyudhāḥ sarve sarve sarvāstrakovidāḥ.

13. śilā-praharaṇāḥ sarve sarve pādapa-yodhinaḥ
nakha-daṃṣṭrāyudhāḥ sarve sarve sarvāstra-kovidāḥ

13. sarve śilā-praharaṇāḥ; sarve pādapa-yodhinaḥ;
sarve nakha-daṃṣṭrāyudhāḥ; sarve sarvāstra-kovidāḥ

13. All of them wielded rocks as weapons; all fought using trees. All had claws and fangs as their armaments; and all were proficient in every kind of weapon.

Words meanings summery:

• शिला-प्रहरणाः (śilā-praharaṇāḥ) - wielded rocks as weapons (having stones as weapons, whose weapons are stones)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• पादप-योधिनः (pādapa-yodhinaḥ) - fought using trees (fighting with trees, tree-fighters)

• नख-दंष्ट्रायुधाः (nakha-daṁṣṭrāyudhāḥ) - had claws and fangs as their armaments (having claws and fangs as weapons, whose weapons are claws and fangs)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• सर्वास्त्र-कोविदाः (sarvāstra-kovidāḥ) - proficient in every kind of weapon (skilled in all weapons, knowing all weapons)

Words meanings and morphology

शिला-प्रहरणाः (śilā-praharaṇāḥ) - wielded rocks as weapons (having stones as weapons, whose weapons are stones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śilā-praharaṇa

śilā-praharaṇa - having stones as weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śilā+praharaṇa)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• praharaṇa – weapon, instrument of striking
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'pra' + 'hṛ' (to strike) with suffix 'ana'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the monkeys described in the previous verse.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Subject for the implied predicate 'were'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Repetition for emphasis.

पादप-योधिनः (pādapa-yodhinaḥ) - fought using trees (fighting with trees, tree-fighters)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādapa-yodhin

pādapa-yodhin - fighting with trees, a warrior using trees

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (implied instrumental) (pādapa+yodhin)

• pādapa – tree (lit. 'drinking with roots')
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pāda' (foot/root) + 'pa' (drinker).
  Root: pā (class 1)
• yodhin – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'yudh' (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

नख-दंष्ट्रायुधाः (nakha-daṁṣṭrāyudhāḥ) - had claws and fangs as their armaments (having claws and fangs as weapons, whose weapons are claws and fangs)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nakha-daṃṣṭrāyudha

nakha-daṁṣṭrāyudha - having claws and fangs as weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nakha+daṃṣṭrā+āyudha)

• nakha – nail, claw
  noun (masculine)
• daṃṣṭrā – fang, tusk
  noun (feminine)
  Root: daṃś (class 1)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yudh (class 4)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Repetition for emphasis.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Repetition for emphasis.

सर्वास्त्र-कोविदाः (sarvāstra-kovidāḥ) - proficient in every kind of weapon (skilled in all weapons, knowing all weapons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvāstra-kovida

sarvāstra-kovida - skilled in all weapons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+astra+kovida)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)
• kovida – skilled, expert, knowing
  adjective (masculine)

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