महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-35, verse-17

ज्योतिषामपि तज्ज्योतिस्तमसः परमुच्यते ।
ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं ज्ञानगम्यं हृदि सर्वस्य विष्ठितम् ॥१७॥

17. jyotiṣāmapi tajjyotistamasaḥ paramucyate ,
jñānaṁ jñeyaṁ jñānagamyaṁ hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam.

17. jyotiṣām api tat jyotiḥ tamasaḥ param ucyate
jñānam jñeyam jñānagamyam hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam

17. tat jyotiṣām api jyotiḥ tamasaḥ param ucyate
jñānam jñeyam jñānagamyam sarvasya hṛdi viṣṭhitam

17. It is the light of all lights, and it is said to be beyond darkness. It is knowledge (jñāna), the object of knowledge, and that which is attained by knowledge (jñāna), abiding in the heart of all.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्योतिषाम् (jyotiṣām) - of lights, of luminaries

• अपि (api) - even, also

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light, luminosity

• तमसः (tamasaḥ) - from darkness, beyond darkness

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, beyond

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is declared

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge (jñāna), wisdom

• ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - the knowable, that which is to be known

• ज्ञानगम्यम् (jñānagamyam) - attainable by knowledge (jñāna), approachable through knowledge

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

• सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everyone

• विष्ठितम् (viṣṭhitam) - situated, abiding, existing

Words meanings and morphology

ज्योतिषाम् (jyotiṣām) - of lights, of luminaries

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of jyotis

jyotis - light, luminosity, luminary, star

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the supreme reality.

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light, luminosity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, luminosity, luminary, star

तमसः (tamasaḥ) - from darkness, beyond darkness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance (one of the three guṇa)

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, beyond

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, beyond, other, ultimate

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective describing the supreme reality (implicitly 'tat').

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vac

Irregular passive form of root √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge (jñāna), wisdom

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge (jñāna), wisdom, perception

From √jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as a predicate noun describing the supreme reality (implicitly 'tat').

ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - the knowable, that which is to be known

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñeya

jñeya - the knowable, that which is to be known, object of knowledge

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From √jñā (to know) + -ya

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as a predicate noun describing the supreme reality (implicitly 'tat').

ज्ञानगम्यम् (jñānagamyam) - attainable by knowledge (jñāna), approachable through knowledge

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñānagamya

jñānagamya - attainable by knowledge (jñāna), approachable through knowledge

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Compound of jñāna (knowledge) and gamya (to be gone to, from √gam)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāna+gamya)

• jñāna – knowledge (jñāna), wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• gamya – to be gone to, attainable, accessible
  adjective
  Gerundive
  From √gam (to go) + -ya
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective describing the supreme reality (implicitly 'tat').

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, core

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everyone

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

विष्ठितम् (viṣṭhitam) - situated, abiding, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viṣṭhita

viṣṭhita - situated, abiding, existing, pervading

Past Passive Participle

From vi- + √sthā (to stand) + -ita (after prefix)

Prefix: vi

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective describing the supreme reality (implicitly 'tat').