महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-162, verse-16

संवत्सरं ब्रह्मचारी नियतः संशितव्रतः ।
स जीवेत निराबाधः सुसुखी शरदां शतम् ॥१६॥

16. saṁvatsaraṁ brahmacārī niyataḥ saṁśitavrataḥ ,
sa jīveta nirābādhaḥ susukhī śaradāṁ śatam.

16. saṃvatsaram brahmacārī niyataḥ saṃśitavrataḥ
saḥ jīveta nirābādhaḥ susukhī śaradām śatam

16. ...that person, observing celibacy (brahmacārī), self-controlled, and firm in their vows for a year, would live for a hundred years, free from obstacles and very happily.

Words meanings summery:

• संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - a year, for a year

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - one who practices celibacy (brahmacarya) (a celibate student, one observing celibacy, a religious student)

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled in actions and senses. (restrained, disciplined, controlled)

• संशितव्रतः (saṁśitavrataḥ) - one whose vows are firm, firm in resolve/vows

• सः (saḥ) - The person who studies the account mentioned in the previous verse. (he, that person)

• जीवेत (jīveta) - may he live, he should live

• निराबाधः (nirābādhaḥ) - free from obstruction, unhindered, without trouble

• सुसुखी (susukhī) - very happy, very prosperous

• शरदाम् (śaradām) - of autumns, of years

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

Words meanings and morphology

संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - a year, for a year

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

Note: Used adverbially to indicate duration ('for a year').

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - one who practices celibacy (brahmacarya) (a celibate student, one observing celibacy, a religious student)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - a celibate student, one observing celibacy (brahmacarya), a religious student

Derived from brahmacarya (religious student life, celibacy) + in (agent suffix)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carin)

• brahman – Vedic knowledge, sacred word, the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, performing, practicing
  adjective
  Derived from root car (to move, to perform)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (implied subject from previous verse).

नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled in actions and senses. (restrained, disciplined, controlled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, disciplined, controlled, fixed, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam (to restrain) with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

संशितव्रतः (saṁśitavrataḥ) - one whose vows are firm, firm in resolve/vows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - one whose vows are firm, firm in resolve/vows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samśita+vrata)

• samśita – sharpened, firm, resolute
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śo (to sharpen) with upasarga sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śo (class 4)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

सः (saḥ) - The person who studies the account mentioned in the previous verse. (he, that person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the subject of adhīyīta.

जीवेत (jīveta) - may he live, he should live

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Vidhi Liṅ) of jīv

Optative (Vidhi Liṅ) third person singular

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Expresses a blessing or wish.

निराबाधः (nirābādhaḥ) - free from obstruction, unhindered, without trouble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirābādha

nirābādha - free from obstruction, unhindered, without trouble

Compound type : bahuvrīhi/avyayībhāva (nis+ābādha)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• ābādha – obstruction, impediment, trouble
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root badh (to hinder) with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: badh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

सुसुखी (susukhī) - very happy, very prosperous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susukhin

susukhin - very happy, very prosperous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa/bahuvrīhi (su+sukhin)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• sukhin – happy, pleased, fortunate
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from sukha (happiness) with suffix -in

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

शरदाम् (śaradām) - of autumns, of years

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of śarad

śarad - autumn, year

Note: Part of the idiom 'śatām śaradām' (a hundred years).

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(numeral)

Note: Used as 'a hundred years' with śaradām.