महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-162, verse-16

संवत्सरं ब्रह्मचारी नियतः संशितव्रतः ।
स जीवेत निराबाधः सुसुखी शरदां शतम् ॥१६॥

16. saṁvatsaraṁ brahmacārī niyataḥ saṁśitavrataḥ ,
sa jīveta nirābādhaḥ susukhī śaradāṁ śatam.

16. saṃvatsaram brahmacārī niyataḥ saṃśitavrataḥ
saḥ jīveta nirābādhaḥ susukhī śaradām śatam

16. ...that person, observing celibacy (brahmacārī), self-controlled, and firm in their vows for a year, would live for a hundred years, free from obstacles and very happily.

16. ויעשה זאת במשך שנה כתלמיד מתנזר, מרוסן ונאמן לנדריו החמורים, יחיה (אותו אדם) ללא מכשולים, מאושר מאוד, מאה שנים.

Words meanings summery:

• संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - a year, for a year

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - one who practices celibacy (brahmacarya) (a celibate student, one observing celibacy, a religious student)

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled in actions and senses. (restrained, disciplined, controlled)

• संशितव्रतः (saṁśitavrataḥ) - one whose vows are firm, firm in resolve/vows

• सः (saḥ) - The person who studies the account mentioned in the previous verse. (he, that person)

• जीवेत (jīveta) - may he live, he should live

• निराबाधः (nirābādhaḥ) - free from obstruction, unhindered, without trouble

• सुसुखी (susukhī) - very happy, very prosperous

• शरदाम् (śaradām) - of autumns, of years

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

Words meanings and morphology

संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - a year, for a year

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

Note: Used adverbially to indicate duration ('for a year').

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - one who practices celibacy (brahmacarya) (a celibate student, one observing celibacy, a religious student)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - a celibate student, one observing celibacy (brahmacarya), a religious student

Derived from brahmacarya (religious student life, celibacy) + in (agent suffix)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carin)

• brahman – Vedic knowledge, sacred word, the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, performing, practicing
  adjective
  Derived from root car (to move, to perform)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (implied subject from previous verse).

नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled in actions and senses. (restrained, disciplined, controlled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, disciplined, controlled, fixed, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam (to restrain) with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

संशितव्रतः (saṁśitavrataḥ) - one whose vows are firm, firm in resolve/vows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - one whose vows are firm, firm in resolve/vows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samśita+vrata)

• samśita – sharpened, firm, resolute
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śo (to sharpen) with upasarga sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śo (class 4)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

सः (saḥ) - The person who studies the account mentioned in the previous verse. (he, that person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the subject of adhīyīta.

जीवेत (jīveta) - may he live, he should live

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Vidhi Liṅ) of jīv

Optative (Vidhi Liṅ) third person singular

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Expresses a blessing or wish.

निराबाधः (nirābādhaḥ) - free from obstruction, unhindered, without trouble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirābādha

nirābādha - free from obstruction, unhindered, without trouble

Compound type : bahuvrīhi/avyayībhāva (nis+ābādha)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• ābādha – obstruction, impediment, trouble
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root badh (to hinder) with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: badh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

सुसुखी (susukhī) - very happy, very prosperous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susukhin

susukhin - very happy, very prosperous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa/bahuvrīhi (su+sukhin)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• sukhin – happy, pleased, fortunate
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from sukha (happiness) with suffix -in

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

शरदाम् (śaradām) - of autumns, of years

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of śarad

śarad - autumn, year

Note: Part of the idiom 'śatām śaradām' (a hundred years).

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(numeral)

Note: Used as 'a hundred years' with śaradām.

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