महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-34, verse-3

ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
अरणीं ब्राह्मणीं विद्धि गुरुरस्योत्तरारणिः ।
तपःश्रुतेऽभिमथ्नीतो ज्ञानाग्निर्जायते ततः ॥३॥

3. brāhmaṇa uvāca ,
araṇīṁ brāhmaṇīṁ viddhi gururasyottarāraṇiḥ ,
tapaḥśrute'bhimathnīto jñānāgnirjāyate tataḥ.

3. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca | araṇīm brāhmaṇīm viddhi guruḥ asya
uttarāraṇiḥ | tapaḥ śrute abhimathnītaḥ jñāna-agniḥ jāyate tataḥ

3. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca brāhmaṇīm araṇīm viddhi guruḥ asya
uttarāraṇiḥ tapaḥ śrute abhimathnītaḥ tataḥ jñāna-agniḥ jāyate

3. The brahmin said: "Understand the brahmin lady to be the lower kindling stick (araṇī), and the guru to be its upper kindling stick. When austerity (tapas) and sacred learning (śruti) are churned together, then the fire of knowledge (jñānāgni) is born from that."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the brahmin (man)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अरणीम् (araṇīm) - the lower fire-stick

• ब्राह्मणीम् (brāhmaṇīm) - the brahmin lady

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know! understand!

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - the teacher, preceptor

• अस्य (asya) - of this lower fire-stick (araṇī) (of this, its)

• उत्तरारणिः (uttarāraṇiḥ) - the upper fire-stick

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

• श्रुते (śrute) - sacred texts, Vedic knowledge (dual)

• अभिमथ्नीतः (abhimathnītaḥ) - austerity and sacred texts are churning (churning (the two), they two churn)

• ज्ञान-अग्निः (jñāna-agniḥ) - the fire of knowledge

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that churning process (from that, thence)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the brahmin (man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin (man), one belonging to the priestly class

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense (lit)

From root vac (2nd class), perfect third singular

Root: vac (class 2)

अरणीम् (araṇīm) - the lower fire-stick

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of araṇi

araṇi - a piece of wood (lower) used to kindle fire by attrition, kindling stick

ब्राह्मणीम् (brāhmaṇīm) - the brahmin lady

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of brāhmaṇī

brāhmaṇī - a brahmin woman, wife of a brahmin

Feminine form of brāhmaṇa

विद्धि (viddhi) - know! understand!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative

From root vid (2nd class), imperative second singular, active voice

Root: vid (class 2)

गुरुः (guruḥ) - the teacher, preceptor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide; heavy, venerable

अस्य (asya) - of this lower fire-stick (araṇī) (of this, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun

उत्तरारणिः (uttarāraṇiḥ) - the upper fire-stick

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttarāraṇi

uttarāraṇi - the upper kindling stick (for producing fire)

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (uttara+araṇi)

• uttara – upper, superior, later, subsequent
  adjective (masculine)
• araṇi – a piece of wood used to kindle fire by attrition, kindling stick
  noun (feminine)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, austerity, penance, self-discipline

Root: tap (class 1)

श्रुते (śrute) - sacred texts, Vedic knowledge (dual)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of śruti

śruti - hearing, sacred knowledge, revelation (Vedas), sacred tradition

From root śru (5th class)

Root: śru (class 5)

अभिमथ्नीतः (abhimathnītaḥ) - austerity and sacred texts are churning (churning (the two), they two churn)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of abhimathnītṛ

abhimathnītṛ - one who churns, a churner

Present Active Participle

From root math (1st/9th class) with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Used as a participial adjective modifying 'tapas śrute'

ज्ञान-अग्निः (jñāna-agniḥ) - the fire of knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñānāgni

jñānāgni - the fire of knowledge

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (jñāna+agni)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (9th class)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present tense

From root jan (4th class), present third singular, middle voice

Root: jan (class 4)

ततः (tataḥ) - from that churning process (from that, thence)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial formation from pronoun tad