महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-34, verse-1

ब्राह्मण्युवाच ।
नेदमल्पात्मना शक्यं वेदितुं नाकृतात्मना ।
बहु चाल्पं च संक्षिप्तं विप्लुतं च मतं मम ॥१॥

1. brāhmaṇyuvāca ,
nedamalpātmanā śakyaṁ vedituṁ nākṛtātmanā ,
bahu cālpaṁ ca saṁkṣiptaṁ viplutaṁ ca mataṁ mama.

1. brāhmaṇī uvāca | na idam alpātmanā śakyam veditum na akṛtātmanā
| bahu ca alpam ca saṃkṣiptam viplutam ca matam mama

1. brāhmaṇī uvāca idam alpātmanā na śakyam veditum akṛtātmanā
ca na mama matam bahu ca alpam ca saṃkṣiptam ca viplutam ca

1. The brahmin lady said: "This cannot be understood by a person with a small mind or by one whose inner self (ātman) is not cultivated. My opinion is that it is both vast and concise, both condensed and extensively diffused."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणी (brāhmaṇī) - brahmin lady

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not

• इदम् (idam) - this subject/knowledge being discussed (this)

• अल्पात्मना (alpātmanā) - by a small-minded person, by one with a weak mind

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible to be known/understood (possible, capable)

• वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand

• न (na) - nor, not

• अकृतात्मना (akṛtātmanā) - by one whose inner self (ātman) is not cultivated/unprepared

• बहु (bahu) - much, vast, numerous

• च (ca) - and

• अल्पम् (alpam) - little, concise

• च (ca) - and

• संक्षिप्तम् (saṁkṣiptam) - condensed, brief

• विप्लुतम् (viplutam) - diffused, extensive, elaborate

• च (ca) - and

• मतम् (matam) - opinion, thought, considered

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणी (brāhmaṇī) - brahmin lady

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of brāhmaṇī

brāhmaṇī - a brahmin woman, wife of a brahmin

Feminine form of brāhmaṇa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense (lit)

From root vac (2nd class), perfect third singular

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this subject/knowledge being discussed (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun

अल्पात्मना (alpātmanā) - by a small-minded person, by one with a weak mind

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of alpātman

alpātman - one whose self/mind is small; small-minded

Bahuvrihi compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+ātman)

• alpa – small, little, weak
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, mind, essence, breath
  noun (masculine)

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible to be known/understood (possible, capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable

Gerundive

From root śak (5th class) with suffix -ya

Root: śak (class 5)

वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root vid (2nd class), with suffix -tum

Root: vid (class 2)

न (na) - nor, not

(indeclinable)

अकृतात्मना (akṛtātmanā) - by one whose inner self (ātman) is not cultivated/unprepared

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akṛtātman

akṛtātman - one whose self/mind is not made or prepared; undeveloped in mind

Bahuvrihi compound with a negative prefix

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kṛta+ātman)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• kṛta – done, made, prepared, cultivated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (8th class)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, mind, essence
  noun (masculine)

बहु (bahu) - much, vast, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अल्पम् (alpam) - little, concise

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few, short, concise

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

संक्षिप्तम् (saṁkṣiptam) - condensed, brief

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃkṣipta

saṁkṣipta - contracted, condensed, brief, abridged

Past Passive Participle

From root kṣip (6th class) with prefix saṃ-

Prefix: saṃ

Root: kṣip (class 6)

विप्लुतम् (viplutam) - diffused, extensive, elaborate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vipluta

vipluta - overflowed, deluged, extensive, elaborate

Past Passive Participle

From root plu (1st class) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: plu (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मतम् (matam) - opinion, thought, considered

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mata

mata - thought, considered, opinion, doctrine

Past Passive Participle

From root man (4th class), functions as a noun here

Root: man (class 4)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person pronoun