महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-34, verse-2

उपायं तु मम ब्रूहि येनैषा लभ्यते मतिः ।
तन्मन्ये कारणतमं यत एषा प्रवर्तते ॥२॥

2. upāyaṁ tu mama brūhi yenaiṣā labhyate matiḥ ,
tanmanye kāraṇatamaṁ yata eṣā pravartate.

2. upāyam tu mama brūhi yena eṣā labhyate matiḥ
| tat manye kāraṇatamam yataḥ eṣā pravartate

2. tu mama upāyam brūhi yena eṣā matiḥ labhyate
tat kāraṇatamam manye yataḥ eṣā pravartate

2. Therefore, tell me the method by which this understanding (mati) can be attained. I consider that method to be the primary cause from which this knowledge originates.

Words meanings summery:

• उपायम् (upāyam) - method, means, expedient

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, so, therefore

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell! speak!

• येन (yena) - by which method (by which)

• एषा (eṣā) - this understanding (this (feminine))

• लभ्यते (labhyate) - is obtained, is gained

• मतिः (matiḥ) - understanding, intelligence, thought

• तत् (tat) - that method (upāya) (that (neuter))

• मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think

• कारणतमम् (kāraṇatamam) - the most important cause, primary reason

• यतः (yataḥ) - from which, whence

• एषा (eṣā) - this knowledge/understanding (this (feminine))

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds, originates, manifests

Words meanings and morphology

उपायम् (upāyam) - method, means, expedient

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāya

upāya - approach, means, method, expedient, device

From root i (2nd class) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, so, therefore

(indeclinable)

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person pronoun

Note: Functions like a dative ('tell me')

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell! speak!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative

From root brū (2nd class), imperative second singular

Root: brū (class 2)

येन (yena) - by which method (by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun

एषा (eṣā) - this understanding (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun

लभ्यते (labhyate) - is obtained, is gained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of labh

Present tense

From root labh (1st class), present third singular, passive voice

Root: labh (class 1)

मतिः (matiḥ) - understanding, intelligence, thought

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - thought, mind, intelligence, understanding, opinion

From root man

Root: man (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that method (upāya) (that (neuter))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Demonstrative pronoun

मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present tense

From root man (4th class), present first singular, middle voice

Root: man (class 4)

कारणतमम् (kāraṇatamam) - the most important cause, primary reason

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇatama

kāraṇatama - most causative, primary cause

Superlative form of kāraṇa, formed with suffix -tama

यतः (yataḥ) - from which, whence

(indeclinable)

Adverbial formation from relative pronoun yad

एषा (eṣā) - this knowledge/understanding (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds, originates, manifests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pravṛt

Present tense

From root vṛt (1st class) with prefix pra-, present third singular, middle voice

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)