महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-87, verse-3

भीष्म उवाच ।
शृणुष्वावहितो राजञ्श्राद्धकल्पमिमं शुभम् ।
धन्यं यशस्यं पुत्रीयं पितृयज्ञं परंतप ॥३॥

3. bhīṣma uvāca ,
śṛṇuṣvāvahito rājañśrāddhakalpamimaṁ śubham ,
dhanyaṁ yaśasyaṁ putrīyaṁ pitṛyajñaṁ paraṁtapa.

3. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca śṛṇuṣva avahitaḥ rājan śrāddhakalpam imam
śubham dhanyam yaśasyam putrīyam pitṛyajñam parantapa

3. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca he rājan he parantapa avahitaḥ san imam śubham
dhanyam yaśasyam putrīyam pitṛyajñam śrāddhakalpam śṛṇuṣva

3. Bhīṣma said: O king, listen attentively to this auspicious method for the śrāddha ritual. It grants prosperity, fame, and sons, and is an ancestral Vedic ritual (pitṛyajña), O tormentor of foes!

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (listen, hear)

• अवहितः (avahitaḥ) - attentively (attentive, careful)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• श्राद्धकल्पम् (śrāddhakalpam) - method for the śrāddha ritual (the procedure for śrāddha, the method of śrāddha)

• इमम् (imam) - this

• शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious (auspicious, good, beautiful)

• धन्यम् (dhanyam) - grants prosperity (literally, 'prosperous' - adjective describing the ritual, implying its effect) (prosperous, wealthy, fortunate)

• यशस्यम् (yaśasyam) - grants fame (literally, 'glorious' - adjective describing the ritual, implying its effect) (glorious, famous, giving fame)

• पुत्रीयम् (putrīyam) - grants sons (literally, 'pertaining to sons' - adjective describing the ritual, implying its effect) (granting sons, relating to sons)

• पितृयज्ञम् (pitṛyajñam) - ancestral Vedic ritual (pitṛyajña) (ancestral Vedic ritual, offering to ancestors)

• परन्तप (parantapa) - O tormentor of foes

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

3rd person singular, active voice. Root vac (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative

2nd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada). Root śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira.

अवहितः (avahitaḥ) - attentively (attentive, careful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avahita

avahita - attentive, concentrated, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā (to place) with prefixes ava- and hi-, suffix -ta. From ava-dha (to fix attention).

Prefix: ava

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Functions adverbially 'being attentive'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Vocative singular of rājan.

Root: rāj (class 1)

श्राद्धकल्पम् (śrāddhakalpam) - method for the śrāddha ritual (the procedure for śrāddha, the method of śrāddha)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śrāddhakalpa

śrāddhakalpa - the method or procedure of śrāddha

Compound of śrāddha (ancestral offering) and kalpa (rule, method, procedure).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrāddha+kalpa)

• śrāddha – ancestral offering, ritual for deceased ancestors, faith
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śrad
• kalpa – rule, method, procedure, ordinance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kḷp (to be in order).
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Object of śṛṇuṣva.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Accusative singular masculine of idam.

शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious (auspicious, good, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, bright

Root: śubh (class 1)

धन्यम् (dhanyam) - grants prosperity (literally, 'prosperous' - adjective describing the ritual, implying its effect) (prosperous, wealthy, fortunate)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanya

dhanya - wealthy, prosperous, fortunate, blessed

Derived from dhana (wealth).

Root: dhā

यशस्यम् (yaśasyam) - grants fame (literally, 'glorious' - adjective describing the ritual, implying its effect) (glorious, famous, giving fame)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yaśasya

yaśasya - conferring fame, glorious

Derived from yaśas (fame).

पुत्रीयम् (putrīyam) - grants sons (literally, 'pertaining to sons' - adjective describing the ritual, implying its effect) (granting sons, relating to sons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putrīya

putrīya - relating to sons, desirous of sons, procuring sons

Derived from putra (son) with suffix -īya.

पितृयज्ञम् (pitṛyajñam) - ancestral Vedic ritual (pitṛyajña) (ancestral Vedic ritual, offering to ancestors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛyajña

pitṛyajña - sacrifice to ancestors, ancestral Vedic ritual

Compound of pitṛ (father, ancestor) and yajña (Vedic ritual).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+yajña)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā
• yajña – Vedic ritual, offering, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root yaj (to worship, sacrifice)
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śrāddhakalpam.

परन्तप (parantapa) - O tormentor of foes

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of parantapa

parantapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Vocative singular. Compound of para (enemy) and tapa (scorcher, tormentor).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – scorching, tormenting, heat
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira.