महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-87, verse-2

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
युधिष्ठिरेणैवमुक्तो भीष्मः शांतनवस्तदा ।
इमं श्राद्धविधिं कृत्स्नं प्रवक्तुमुपचक्रमे ॥२॥

2. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
yudhiṣṭhireṇaivamukto bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavastadā ,
imaṁ śrāddhavidhiṁ kṛtsnaṁ pravaktumupacakrame.

2. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca yudhiṣṭhireṇa eva uktaḥ bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ
tadā imam śrāddhavidhim kṛtsnam pravaktum upacakrame

2. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tadā yudhiṣṭhireṇa eva uktaḥ śāntanavaḥ
bhīṣmaḥ imam kṛtsnam śrāddhavidhim pravaktum upacakrame

2. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Then, Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu, thus addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira, began to explain this entire procedure for the śrāddha ritual.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhiṣṭhira

• एव (eva) - thus (intensifier for uktaḥ) (only, indeed, just)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Śāntanu

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• इमम् (imam) - this

• श्राद्धविधिम् (śrāddhavidhim) - the procedure for the śrāddha ritual (the procedure of śrāddha, ritual of śrāddha)

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire (complete, whole, entire)

• प्रवक्तुम् (pravaktum) - to explain (to speak, to declare)

• उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - began (he began, he commenced)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

3rd person singular, active voice. Root vac (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Agent in passive construction.

एव (eva) - thus (intensifier for uktaḥ) (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes the manner of speaking.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, expressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -kta.

Root: vac (class 2)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of upacakrame.

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Śāntanu

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant of Śāntanu, son of Śāntanu

Derived from Śāntanu (proper name) with a patronymic suffix.

Note: Qualifies Bhīṣmaḥ.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Accusative singular masculine of idam.

श्राद्धविधिम् (śrāddhavidhim) - the procedure for the śrāddha ritual (the procedure of śrāddha, ritual of śrāddha)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śrāddhavidhi

śrāddhavidhi - procedure for śrāddha, rules for śrāddha

Compound of śrāddha (funeral offering, ritual for ancestors) and vidhi (rule, procedure).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrāddha+vidhi)

• śrāddha – ancestral offering, ritual for deceased ancestors, faith
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śrad
• vidhi – rule, method, procedure, ordinance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhā (to place) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of pravaktum.

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire (complete, whole, entire)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - whole, entire, complete

Root: kṛt

प्रवक्तुम् (pravaktum) - to explain (to speak, to declare)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root vac (to speak) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - began (he began, he commenced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of upa + kram

Perfect tense

3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada). From root kram (to step, go) with prefix upa-. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Subject is Bhīṣma.