महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-87, verse-16

ज्ञातीनां तु भवेच्छ्रेष्ठः कुर्वञ्श्राद्धं त्रयोदशीम् ।
अवश्यं तु युवानोऽस्य प्रमीयन्ते नरा गृहे ॥१६॥

16. jñātīnāṁ tu bhavecchreṣṭhaḥ kurvañśrāddhaṁ trayodaśīm ,
avaśyaṁ tu yuvāno'sya pramīyante narā gṛhe.

16. jñātīnām tu bhavet śreṣṭhaḥ kurvan śrāddham trayodaśīm
| avaśyam tu yuvānaḥ asya pramīyante narā gṛhe

16. Indeed, one who performs the ancestral ritual (śrāddha) on the thirteenth lunar day becomes the most esteemed among his kinsmen. However, it is certain that young men in his household will die.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of relatives, among kinsmen

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would become, he becomes

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, superior, chief

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, performing, making (he who is doing)

• श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral ritual, funeral ceremony

• त्रयोदशीम् (trayodaśīm) - on the thirteenth lunar day (the thirteenth (lunar day))

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly, by all means

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• युवानः (yuvānaḥ) - young men, youths

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

• प्रमीयन्ते (pramīyante) - they die, they perish

• नरा (narā) - men, people, human beings

• गृहे (gṛhe) - in his household (in the house, at home)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of relatives, among kinsmen

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative, family, tribe

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would become, he becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, superior, chief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, superior, chief

superlative degree from praśasta/praśasya (good, excellent)

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, performing, making (he who is doing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛ

kṛ - to do, make, perform, create

present active participle

root kṛ (8th class) + śatṛ suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral ritual, funeral ceremony

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - ancestral ritual, funeral ceremony, offering to ancestors, faith, reverence

त्रयोदशीम् (trayodaśīm) - on the thirteenth lunar day (the thirteenth (lunar day))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of trayodaśī

trayodaśī - the thirteenth day of the lunar fortnight

Note: Used adverbially to indicate time.

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly, by all means

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

युवानः (yuvānaḥ) - young men, youths

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yuvan

yuvan - youth, young man, young person

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

प्रमीयन्ते (pramīyante) - they die, they perish

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: mṛ (class 4)

Note: Root 'mṛ' (class 4) often takes middle voice endings, especially with pra-.

नरा (narā) - men, people, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

गृहे (gṛhe) - in his household (in the house, at home)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling