महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-30, verse-9

ब्राह्मण्यं यदि दुष्प्रापं त्रिभिर्वर्णैः शतक्रतो ।
सुदुर्लभं तदावाप्य नानुतिष्ठन्ति मानवाः ॥९॥

9. brāhmaṇyaṁ yadi duṣprāpaṁ tribhirvarṇaiḥ śatakrato ,
sudurlabhaṁ tadāvāpya nānutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ.

9. brāhmaṇyam yadi duṣprāpam tribhiḥ varṇaiḥ śatakrato
sudurlabham tadā avāpya na anutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ

9. śatakrato yadi brāhmaṇyam tribhiḥ varṇaiḥ duṣprāpam
tadā sudurlabham avāpya mānavāḥ na anutiṣṭhanti

9. O Śatakratu, if the state of a brahmin (brāhmaṇya) is difficult for the three social classes (varṇas) to attain, and is therefore extremely rare, [then why is it that] having acquired it, people do not properly adhere to its principles (dharma)?

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - brahminhood, the state of a brahmin

• यदि (yadi) - if

• दुष्प्रापम् (duṣprāpam) - difficult to obtain, hard to reach

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three

• वर्णैः (varṇaiḥ) - by the social classes (by social classes, by colors, by letters)

• शतक्रतो (śatakrato) - O Śatakratu, an epithet for Indra (O Indra (he who has performed a hundred Vedic rituals))

• सुदुर्लभम् (sudurlabham) - very rare, extremely difficult to obtain

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अवाप्य (avāpya) - having attained, having acquired

• न (na) - not

• अनुतिष्ठन्ति (anutiṣṭhanti) - they follow, they abide by, they practice

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, people, mankind

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - brahminhood, the state of a brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brāhmaṇya

brāhmaṇya - brahminhood, the state or dignity of a brahmin

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

दुष्प्रापम् (duṣprāpam) - difficult to obtain, hard to reach

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣprāpa

duṣprāpa - difficult to obtain, hard to reach, inaccessible

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dus+prāpa)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• prāpa – attainable, to be obtained, reachable
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive (potential passive participle)
  From √āp (to obtain) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Refers to 'brāhmaṇyam'

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'varṇaiḥ'

वर्णैः (varṇaiḥ) - by the social classes (by social classes, by colors, by letters)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, outward appearance, class, social order, letter, sound

शतक्रतो (śatakrato) - O Śatakratu, an epithet for Indra (O Indra (he who has performed a hundred Vedic rituals))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatakratu

śatakratu - one who has performed a hundred Vedic rituals; an epithet of Indra

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+kratu)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• kratu – power, Vedic ritual, resolve, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)

सुदुर्लभम् (sudurlabham) - very rare, extremely difficult to obtain

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sudurlabha

sudurlabha - very difficult to obtain, extremely rare, hard to acquire

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+dus+labha)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'goodness' or 'intensity'
• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• labha – obtainable, to be gained
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive (potential passive participle)
  From √labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'brāhmaṇyam' (implied)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अवाप्य (avāpya) - having attained, having acquired

(indeclinable)

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) form with prefix ava-

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अनुतिष्ठन्ति (anutiṣṭhanti) - they follow, they abide by, they practice

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Prefix: anu

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: With prefix anu-, meaning 'to follow, to comply, to adhere to'.

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, people, mankind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, mankind, a man, descendant of Manu