महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-120, verse-3

व्यास उवाच ।
क्षात्रं चैव व्रतं कीट भूतानां परिपालनम् ।
क्षात्रं चैव व्रतं ध्यायंस्ततो विप्रत्वमेष्यसि ॥३॥

3. vyāsa uvāca ,
kṣātraṁ caiva vrataṁ kīṭa bhūtānāṁ paripālanam ,
kṣātraṁ caiva vrataṁ dhyāyaṁstato vipratvameṣyasi.

3. vyāsaḥ uvāca kṣātraṃ ca eva vratam kīṭa bhūtānām paripālanam
kṣātraṃ ca eva vratam dhyāyan tataḥ vipratvam eṣyasi

3. vyāsaḥ uvāca kīṭa kṣātraṃ vratam ca eva bhūtānām paripālanam
kṣātraṃ vratam ca eva dhyāyan tataḥ vipratvam eṣyasi

3. Vyāsa said: O insect, the Kṣatriya's vow is indeed the protection of all beings. By meditating on this very Kṣatriya vow, you will then attain the state of a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa, the speaker of these words (Vyāsa (a revered sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• क्षात्रं (kṣātraṁ) - the duty pertaining to the Kṣatriya class (relating to a kṣatriya, warrior-like; Kṣatriya's duty)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, even

• व्रतम् (vratam) - the solemn duty or commitment (vow, sacred observance, religious duty)

• कीट (kīṭa) - O insignificant being (a possibly humbling address from Vyāsa) (O insect, O worm, O lowly one)

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all living entities or creatures (of beings, of creatures, of living things)

• परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - the act of thoroughly protecting and maintaining (protection, preservation, sustenance)

• क्षात्रं (kṣātraṁ) - this specific duty pertaining to the Kṣatriya class (relating to a kṣatriya, warrior-like; Kṣatriya's duty)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - emphasizing 'this very' vow (indeed, certainly, only, even)

• व्रतम् (vratam) - the specific Kṣatriya vow mentioned earlier (vow, sacred observance, religious duty)

• ध्यायन् (dhyāyan) - by meditating intently (meditating, contemplating, thinking of)

• ततः (tataḥ) - as a result of the preceding action (then, thereafter, from that, therefore)

• विप्रत्वम् (vipratvam) - the spiritual and social status of a brahmin (the state of being a brahmin, brahminhood)

• एष्यसि (eṣyasi) - you will attain, you will go to, you will reach

Words meanings and morphology

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa, the speaker of these words (Vyāsa (a revered sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a sage, author of Mahābhārata); arranger, compiler

From vi-as

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active, 3rd person singular

Root 'vac' (2nd class) forms 'uvāca' in perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

क्षात्रं (kṣātraṁ) - the duty pertaining to the Kṣatriya class (relating to a kṣatriya, warrior-like; Kṣatriya's duty)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣātra

kṣātra - relating to a kṣatriya, warrior; the power or duty of a kṣatriya

Derived from kṣatra (warrior, rule)

Note: Modifies 'vratam' in the first clause.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

व्रतम् (vratam) - the solemn duty or commitment (vow, sacred observance, religious duty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious duty, ordinance, rule

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

कीट (kīṭa) - O insignificant being (a possibly humbling address from Vyāsa) (O insect, O worm, O lowly one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kīṭa

kīṭa - insect, worm, vermin; a small or insignificant creature

Note: Term of address, possibly derogatory or indicating humility.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all living entities or creatures (of beings, of creatures, of living things)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, spirit; element; past; true

Past Passive Participle (when from √bhū)

From √bhū (to be, to exist), derived as a noun meaning 'a being'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Genitive of possession, indicating the objects of 'paripālanam'.

परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - the act of thoroughly protecting and maintaining (protection, preservation, sustenance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paripālana

paripālana - protection, preservation, maintenance, care

Derived from pari-√pāl (to protect, cherish)

Prefix: pari

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Predicate nominative, defining the 'vratam'.

क्षात्रं (kṣātraṁ) - this specific duty pertaining to the Kṣatriya class (relating to a kṣatriya, warrior-like; Kṣatriya's duty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣātra

kṣātra - relating to a kṣatriya, warrior; the power or duty of a kṣatriya

Derived from kṣatra (warrior, rule)

Note: Modifies 'vratam', serving as the object of 'dhyāyan'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizing 'this very' vow (indeed, certainly, only, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

व्रतम् (vratam) - the specific Kṣatriya vow mentioned earlier (vow, sacred observance, religious duty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious duty, ordinance, rule

Note: Object of the gerund 'dhyāyan'.

ध्यायन् (dhyāyan) - by meditating intently (meditating, contemplating, thinking of)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhyā

dhyā - to meditate, contemplate, think of, reflect upon

Present Active Participle

From √dhyai (to meditate), class 1. Forms 'dhyāyan' in masculine nominative singular.

Root: dhyai (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject 'you'.

ततः (tataḥ) - as a result of the preceding action (then, thereafter, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates temporal or causal sequence.

विप्रत्वम् (vipratvam) - the spiritual and social status of a brahmin (the state of being a brahmin, brahminhood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipratva

vipratva - the state or condition of being a vipra (brahmin), brahminhood

Formed with the suffix -tva, indicating state or quality, from vipra (brahmin).

Note: Object of 'eṣyasi'.

एष्यसि (eṣyasi) - you will attain, you will go to, you will reach

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of i

Future Active, 2nd person singular

From √i (to go), class 2. Forms 'eṣyasi' in future tense.

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Implies the subject 'you'.