महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-62, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
ब्राह्मणस्येह चत्वार आश्रमा विहिताः प्रभो ।
वर्णास्ताननुवर्तन्ते त्रयो भरतसत्तम ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
brāhmaṇasyeha catvāra āśramā vihitāḥ prabho ,
varṇāstānanuvartante trayo bharatasattama.

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca brāhmaṇasya iha catvāraḥ āśramāḥ vihitāḥ
prabho varṇāḥ tān anuvartante trayaḥ bharatasattama

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca prabho,
iha brāhmaṇasya catvāraḥ āśramāḥ vihitāḥ.
bharatasattama,
trayaḥ varṇāḥ tān anuvartante

2. Bhīṣma said: "O Lord (prabho), here for a Brāhmaṇa, four stages of life (āśrama) are prescribed. O best of Bharatas, the three (other) social classes (varṇa) follow those (āśramas)."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brāhmaṇa, for a Brāhmaṇa

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

• आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - stages of life (āśrama)

• विहिताः (vihitāḥ) - prescribed, ordained, enjoined

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord, O master

• वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - social classes, castes (varṇa)

• तान् (tān) - those āśramas (those)

• अनुवर्तन्ते (anuvartante) - follow, conform to

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of Bhāratas

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a revered character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brāhmaṇa, for a Brāhmaṇa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class (varṇa)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

(numeral)

आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - stages of life (āśrama)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, stage of life, order of life, spiritual retreat

विहिताः (vihitāḥ) - prescribed, ordained, enjoined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vihita

vihita - arranged, placed, prescribed, ordained, performed

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - master, lord, mighty, able

वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - social classes, castes (varṇa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, outer appearance, class, caste

Root: vṛ

तान् (tān) - those āśramas (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अनुवर्तन्ते (anuvartante) - follow, conform to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vṛt

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of Bhāratas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatasattama

bharatasattama - best among the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+sattama)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a ruler
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative suffix -tama