महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-353, verse-5

देवराजेन च पुरा कथैषा कथिता शुभा ।
समस्तेभ्यः प्रशस्तेभ्यो वसुभ्यो वसुधाधिप ॥५॥

5. devarājena ca purā kathaiṣā kathitā śubhā ,
samastebhyaḥ praśastebhyo vasubhyo vasudhādhipa.

5. devarājena ca purā kathā eṣā kathitā śubhā
samastebhyaḥ praśastebhyaḥ vasubhyaḥ vasudhādhipa

5. vasudhādhipa ca purā devarājena eṣā śubhā kathā
samastebhyaḥ praśastebhyaḥ vasubhyaḥ kathitā

5. And formerly, O lord of the earth, this auspicious story was narrated by the king of gods (Indra) to all the distinguished Vasus.

Words meanings summery:

• देवराजेन (devarājena) - by Indra, the ruler of the deities, who is narrating the story (by the king of gods, by Indra)

• च (ca) - and, continuing the sequence of narrators (and, also)

• पुरा (purā) - in ancient times, indicating a past event in the narrative chain (formerly, in ancient times, previously)

• कथा (kathā) - this particular story that is being recounted (story, narrative)

• एषा (eṣā) - this (referring to the story) (this)

• कथिता (kathitā) - was narrated (by Devendra) (narrated, told)

• शुभा (śubhā) - auspicious or benevolent (story), bringing good fortune (auspicious, beautiful, good)

• समस्तेभ्यः (samastebhyaḥ) - to all the Vasus collectively (to all, for all)

• प्रशस्तेभ्यः (praśastebhyaḥ) - to the distinguished or esteemed Vasus (to the praiseworthy, to the distinguished)

• वसुभ्यः (vasubhyaḥ) - to the eight Vasus, a specific group of Vedic deities (to the Vasus (a class of deities))

• वसुधाधिप (vasudhādhipa) - vocative address to a king (e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra) by the current narrator (O lord of the earth, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

देवराजेन (devarājena) - by Indra, the ruler of the deities, who is narrating the story (by the king of gods, by Indra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+rājan)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'kathitā'.

च (ca) - and, continuing the sequence of narrators (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पुरा (purā) - in ancient times, indicating a past event in the narrative chain (formerly, in ancient times, previously)

(indeclinable)

कथा (kathā) - this particular story that is being recounted (story, narrative)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, discourse

from root kath (to tell)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'kathitā'.

एषा (eṣā) - this (referring to the story) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Agrees in gender, number, and case with 'kathā'.

कथिता (kathitā) - was narrated (by Devendra) (narrated, told)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kathita

kathita - narrated, told, spoken

Past Passive Participle

from root kath (to tell)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'kathā'.

शुभा (śubhā) - auspicious or benevolent (story), bringing good fortune (auspicious, beautiful, good)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, good, splendid, pure

Note: Agrees with 'kathā'.

समस्तेभ्यः (samastebhyaḥ) - to all the Vasus collectively (to all, for all)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, plural of samasta

samasta - all, whole, entire, complete, compiled

Past Passive Participle

from root as (to be) with upasarga sam

Prefix: sam

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees in gender, number, and case with 'vasubhyaḥ'.

प्रशस्तेभ्यः (praśastebhyaḥ) - to the distinguished or esteemed Vasus (to the praiseworthy, to the distinguished)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, plural of praśasta

praśasta - praiseworthy, distinguished, excellent, auspicious

Past Passive Participle

from root śaṃs (to praise) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Agrees in gender, number, and case with 'vasubhyaḥ'.

वसुभ्यः (vasubhyaḥ) - to the eight Vasus, a specific group of Vedic deities (to the Vasus (a class of deities))

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of vasu

vasu - wealth, treasure; name of a class of deities (Vasus)

Note: Recipient of the narration.

वसुधाधिप (vasudhādhipa) - vocative address to a king (e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra) by the current narrator (O lord of the earth, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vasudhādhipa

vasudhādhipa - lord of the earth, king, monarch

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasudhā+adhipa)

• vasudhā – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  from root pā (to protect) with upasarga adhi
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)