महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-352, verse-5

न हि मां केवलं दृष्ट्वा त्यक्त्वा प्रणयवानिह ।
गन्तुमर्हसि विप्रर्षे वृक्षमूलगतो यथा ॥५॥

5. na hi māṁ kevalaṁ dṛṣṭvā tyaktvā praṇayavāniha ,
gantumarhasi viprarṣe vṛkṣamūlagato yathā.

5. na hi mām kevalam dṛṣṭvā tyaktvā praṇayavān
iha gantum arhasi viprarṣe vṛkṣamūlagataḥ yathā

5. viprarṣe hi tvam praṇayavān iha mām kevalam dṛṣṭvā
tyaktvā yathā vṛkṣamūlagataḥ na gantum arhasi

5. Indeed, O sage among Brahmins (viprarṣe), you should not merely look at me and then depart from here, abandoning me, even though you are affectionate, just as one (might leave) after having briefly rested at the foot of a tree.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, for, because)

• माम् (mām) - me (me (accusative))

• केवलम् (kevalam) - merely (merely, only, solely)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having looked at (having seen, having perceived)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

• प्रणयवान् (praṇayavān) - affectionate (affectionate, loving, attached)

• इह (iha) - here (in this situation/place) (here, in this world, in this case)

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to depart (to go, to depart)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you are able, you ought, you should)

• विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O sage among Brahmins (viprarṣe) (O sage among Brahmins, O excellent Brahmin)

• वृक्षमूलगतः (vṛkṣamūlagataḥ) - one who has arrived at the foot of a tree (one who has gone to the foot of a tree, one who has reached the root of a tree)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me (me (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā' and 'tyaktvā'.

केवलम् (kevalam) - merely (merely, only, solely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbially used.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having looked at (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √dṛś (to see) + ktvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Connects to 'tyaktvā' and 'gantum arhasi'.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √tyaj (to abandon) + ktvā suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Connects to 'gantum arhasi'.

प्रणयवान् (praṇayavān) - affectionate (affectionate, loving, attached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṇayavat

praṇayavat - full of affection, loving, attached

Derived from 'praṇaya' (affection) + 'matup'/'vatup' suffix

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'tvam'.

इह (iha) - here (in this situation/place) (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to depart (to go, to depart)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root √gam (to go) + tumun suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you are able, you ought, you should)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense

From root √arh (to deserve)

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Used with infinitive 'gantum'.

विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O sage among Brahmins (viprarṣe) (O sage among Brahmins, O excellent Brahmin)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viprarṣi

viprarṣi - sage-brahmin, excellent brahmin, a brahmin rishi

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vipra+ṛṣi)

• vipra – Brahmin, inspired, sage
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ṛṣ (to go, move)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Term of address.

वृक्षमूलगतः (vṛkṣamūlagataḥ) - one who has arrived at the foot of a tree (one who has gone to the foot of a tree, one who has reached the root of a tree)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣamūlagata

vṛkṣamūlagata - gone to the root of a tree

Compound type : tatpurusha (vṛkṣa+mūla+gata)

• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
• mūla – root, foundation, base
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √gam (to go) + kta suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to an implied person.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

(indeclinable)